Human Oral Mucosa Tissue-Engineered Constructs Monitored by Raman Fiber-Optic Probe

Abstract

In maxillofacial and oral surgery, there is a need for the development of tissue-engineered constructs. They are used for reconstructions due to trauma, dental implants, congenital defects, or oral cancer. A noninvasive monitoring of the fabrication of tissue-engineered constructs at the production and implantation stages done in real time is extremely important for predicting the success of tissue-engineered grafts. We demonstrated a Raman spectroscopic probe system, its design and application, for real-time ex vivo produced oral mucosa equivalent (EVPOME) constructs noninvasive monitoring. We performed in vivo studies to find Raman spectroscopic indicators for postimplanted EVPOME failure and determined that Raman spectra of EVPOMEs preexposed to thermal stress during manufacturing procedures displayed correlation of the band height ratio of CH2 deformation to phenylalanine ring breathing modes, giving a Raman metric to distinguish between healthy and compromised postimplanted constructs. This study is the step toward our ultimate goal to develop a stand-alone system, to be used in a clinical setting, where the data collection and analysis are conducted on the basis of these spectroscopic indicators with minimal user intervention.

Living cell‐based regenerative medicine technologies for periodontal soft tissue augmentation

“…Khmaladze and coworkers recently proposed a non‐invasive method that allows real‐time monitoring of the thermal stress, and therefore the viability, of the EVPOME before implantation . The same group demonstrated that high levels of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), human β‐defensin I (hBD‐I) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP‐2) were predictors of healthy EVPOME .…”

“…The same group demonstrated that high levels of interleukin‐8 (IL‐8), human β‐defensin I (hBD‐I) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP‐2) were predictors of healthy EVPOME . Nevertheless, further clinical studies are needed, as this method appears promising not only for distinguishing stress and non‐stressed EVPOME before implantation but also for evaluating post‐grafted outcomes …”

“…Khmaladze and coworkers recently proposed a noninvasive method that allows real-time monitoring of the thermal stress, and therefore the viability, of the EVPOME before implantation. 22 The same group demonstrated that high levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), human -defensin I (hBD-I) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) were predictors of healthy EVPOME. 23 Nevertheless, further clinical studies are needed, as this method appears promising not only for distinguishing stress and non-stressed EVPOME before implantation but also for evaluating post-grafted outcomes.…”

“…23 Nevertheless, further clinical studies are needed, as this method appears promising not only for distinguishing stress and non-stressed EVPOME before implantation but also for evaluating post-grafted outcomes. 22,24…”

Comparison of two decellularized dermal equivalents

“…In our laboratory, AlloDerm® has been used to manufacture ex vivo tissue‐engineered oral mucosa products (Khmaladze et al, ; Kuo et al, ), but Allopatch has not. In this report, we evaluated how cells cultured on AlloDerm® and Allopatch differ in terms of cellular growth and differentiation using ex vivo produced oral mucosa equivalents (EVPOMEs) as a study model (Izumi, Takacs, Terashi, & Feinberg, ; Kuo et al, ).…”