Human norovirus in untreated sewage and effluents from primary, secondary and tertiary treatment processes

Campos, Carlos; Avant, Justin; Lowther, James; Till, Dale; Lees, David N.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.045

Cited by 58 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The conventional wastewater treatment reveals difficulty in removing both chemical and biological emerging contaminants from water [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Among these pollutants, pharmaceutical and personal care products, as well as enteric pathogens [8][9][10][11][12], are of concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Enteric Pathogens from Real Wastewater Using Single and Catalytic Ozonation

Gomes

Frasson

Quinta‐Ferreira

et al. 2019

Water

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Water scarcity is one of the main problems of this century. Water reclamation appears as an alternative due to the reuse of treated wastewater. Therefore, effluents treatment technologies (activated sludge, rotary biological discs, percolating beds) must be improved since they are not able to remove emerging contaminants such as enteric pathogens (bacteria and virus). These pollutants are difficult to remove from the wastewater and lead to adverse consequences to human health. Advanced oxidation processes, such as single and catalytic ozonation, appear as suitable complements to conventional processes. Catalytic ozonation was carried out using a low-cost material, a volcanic rock. Single and catalytic ozonation were capable of promoting total Escherichia coli removal from municipal wastewater after 90 min of contact. The presence of volcanic rock increases disinfection efficiency since E. coli regrowth was not observed. The identified viruses (Norovirus genotype I and II and JC virus) were completely removed using catalytic ozonation, whereas single ozonation was not able to eliminate JC virus even after 150 min of treatment. The higher performance of the catalytic process can be explained by the formation of hydroxyl radicals, proving that disinfection occurs in the liquid bulk and not due to adsorption at the volcanic rock.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Enteric Pathogens from Real Wastewater Using Single and Catalytic Ozonation

Gomes

Frasson

Quinta‐Ferreira

et al. 2019

Water

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show abstract

“…Over 200 enteric viruses known to infect humans are considered pathogens because of their high resistance to treatment processes and their low infectious doses (35). To appropriately eliminate these viruses, it is necessary to use tertiary treatment processes involving chlorine, ozone, and exposure to UV light in drinking water treatment plants and WWTPs (36)(37)(38). However, due mainly to cost issues, many of the rather complex treatments are not always available in most DWTPs or drinking water treatment plants worldwide.…”

Section: Waterborne Gastrointestinal Illness (Fecal Origin)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and Adaptive Changes Necessitate a Paradigm Shift for Indicators of Fecal Contamination

et al. 2020

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Changes in the occurrence, distribution, and seasonal variation of waterborne pathogens due to global climate change may increase the risk of human exposure to these microorganisms, thus heightening the need for more reliable surveillance systems. Routine monitoring of drinking water supplies and recreational waters is performed using fecal indicator microorganisms, such as Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., and coliphages. However, the presence and numbers of these indicators, especially E. coli and Enterococcus spp., do not correlate well with those of other pathogens, especially enteric viruses, which are a major cause of waterborne outbreaks associated with contaminated water and food, and recreational use of lakes, ponds, rivers, and estuarine waters. For that reason, there is a growing need for a surveillance system that can detect and quantify viral pathogens directly in water sources to reduce transmission of pathogens associated with fecal transmission. In this review, we present an updated overview of relevant waterborne enteric viruses that we believe should be more commonly screened to better evaluate water quality and to determine the safety of water use and reuse and of epidemiological data on viral outbreaks. We also discuss current methodologies that are available to detect and quantify these viruses in water resources. Finally, we highlight challenges associated with virus monitoring. The information presented in this review is intended to aid in the assessment of human health risks due to contact with water sources, especially since current environmental and adaptive changes may be creating the need for a paradigm shift for indicators of fecal contamination. . Environmental and adaptive changes necessitate a paradigm shift for indicators of fecal contamination, Microbiol Spectrum 8(2):

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“…Part Four of the GWPP contains relevant information about the reduction of fecal indicators in sanitation system technologies (See removal chapter: http://www.waterpathogens.org/node/5085). optimal conditions; c a well to functioning system with several ponds in series and a hydraulic retention time of 20 to 40 days Sources: Anceno et al, 2007;Appling et al, 2013;Bosch et al, 1986;Campos et al, 2016;Chernicharo, 2006;De Luca et al, 2013;Dixo et al, 1995;Elmitwalli et al, 2004;Farahbakhsh and Smith, 2004;Francy et al, 2012;Gantzer et al, 1998;Hamaidi et al, 2014;Kabler, 1959;Nicosia et al, 2001;Nnaji, 2011;Rose et al, 2004;Verbyla and Mihelcic, 2015;Zanetti et al, 2010 The absence of fecal indicators (especially FIB) doesn't necessarily mean an absence of pathogens (particularly enteric viruses). It is therefore, advisable (where possible) to select a combination of indicators, which posses a variety of physical, chemical characteristics (e.g.…”

Section: Logarithmic Reduction Vs Percentage Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using indicators to assess microbial treatment and disinfection efficacy

Momba¹,

Ebdon²,

Kamika³

et al. 2019

Water and Sanitation for the 21st Century: Health and Microbiological Aspects of Excreta and Wastewater Management (Global Wate

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Human norovirus in untreated sewage and effluents from primary, secondary and tertiary treatment processes

Cited by 58 publications

References 26 publications

Removal of Enteric Pathogens from Real Wastewater Using Single and Catalytic Ozonation

Removal of Enteric Pathogens from Real Wastewater Using Single and Catalytic Ozonation

Environmental and Adaptive Changes Necessitate a Paradigm Shift for Indicators of Fecal Contamination

Using indicators to assess microbial treatment and disinfection efficacy

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