Human nocardiosis. A clinical review with selected case reports

Curry, William A.

doi:10.1001/archinte.140.6.818

Cited by 134 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The genus Nocardia comprises several species that are known to be unusual causes of a wide spectrum of clinical diseases in both humans and animals (43,128). While the majority of nocardial infections have been attributed to Nocardia asteroides, other pathogenic Nocardia species that have been described include Nocardia brasiliensis, Nocardia otitidiscaviarum, and Nocardia transvalensis.…”

Section: Nocardia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are invasive pulmonary infection and disseminated infection. However, each of these and other types of invasive disease may also occur in nonimmunocompromised patients (128,487).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disseminated nocardiosis is often a late-presenting and potentially life-threatening infection. It is most frequently endogenous (i.e., secondary to bloodstream spread) from a primary pulmonary infection (128,407,434,568,641). However, very rarely, it may result from a primary nonpulmonary (cutaneous) infection (551).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunosuppressive therapy and azotemia secondary to impaired graft function may be the major factors predisposing patients to these infections. Renal transplant recipients have been identified in many case series as being especially susceptible to the development of nocardial infections and have accounted for 2 to 13% of all invasive nocardiosis cases (43,128). Invasive nocardial infections may account for approximately 4% of infections in patients following renal transplantation (641).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

1994

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The aerobic actinomycetes are soil-inhabiting microorganisms that occur worldwide. In 1888, Nocard first recognized the pathogenic potential of this group of microorganisms. Since then, several aerobic actinomycetes have been a major source of interest for the commercial drug industry and have proved to be extremely useful microorganisms for producing novel antimicrobial agents. They have also been well known as potential veterinary pathogens affecting many different animal species. The medically important aerobic actinomycetes may cause significant morbidity and mortality, in particular in highly susceptible severely immunocompromised patients, including transplant recipients and patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. However, the diagnosis of these infections may be difficult, and effective antimicrobial therapy may be complicated by antimicrobial resistance. The taxonomy of these microorganisms has been problematic. In recent revisions of their classification, new pathogenic species have been recognized. The development of additional and more reliable diagnostic tests and of a standardized method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing and the application of molecular techniques for the diagnosis and subtyping of these microorganisms are needed to better diagnose and treat infected patients and to identify effective control measures for these unusual pathogens. We review the epidemiology and microbiology of the major medically important aerobic actinomycetes.

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Section: Nocardia Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are invasive pulmonary infection and disseminated infection. However, each of these and other types of invasive disease may also occur in nonimmunocompromised patients (128,487).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiologic Aspects Of Infection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

1994

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“…N. asteroides has been recognized as an important opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromisedhosts (2)(3)(4)(5)(6), even though nocardiosis can develop in persons with no apparent predisposition (7). Usually N. asteroides infection occurs following the introduction of the organism into the respiratory tract (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nocardia asteroides Pneumonia, Subcutaneous Abscess and Meningitis in a Patient with Advanced Malignant Lymphoma. Successful Treatment Based on In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptbility.

1999

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Nocardia asteroides pneumonia,subcutaneousabscess and meningitis without brain abscesses developed in a patient with advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, who had received corticosteroid therapy and cancer chemotherapy for a long time. At the time of nocardial pneumonia, profound lymphocytopenia and hypogammaglobulinemiawas seen. The severely immunosuppressed condition most likely accounted for the uncommoninfection, nocardiosis. The organism isolated from the sputum, subcutaneous abscess and cerebrospinal fluid was strongly resistant to cotrimoxazole, which is the recommended standard treatment, but it was susceptible to imipenem (IPM) and erythromycin (EM) in an in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility study. The patient's nocardiosis responded well to chemotherapy including IPM and EM. (Internal Medicine 38: 683-686, 1999)

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Disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis Infection Following Cryptococcal Disease

et al. 1986

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Nocardiosis is an increasing clinical problem, especially in immunocompromised patients. The offending species is almost always Nocardia asteroides. Cryptococcosis is also an increasing problem in the immunosuppressed. We describe a patient with probable disseminated cryptococcosis followed by disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection. Only eight patients with disseminated N brasiliensis infection have been described, to our knowledge, in the United States.

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Human nocardiosis. A clinical review with selected case reports

Cited by 134 publications

References 28 publications

The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

The medically important aerobic actinomycetes: epidemiology and microbiology

Nocardia asteroides Pneumonia, Subcutaneous Abscess and Meningitis in a Patient with Advanced Malignant Lymphoma. Successful Treatment Based on In Vitro Antimicrobial Susceptbility.

Disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis Infection Following Cryptococcal Disease

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