Human Nature and Authoritarianism in Seminary Students and Counselor Trainees

Mason, Robert L.; Holt, Fred D.; Newsome, George L.

doi:10.1002/j.2164-4918.1969.tb02983.x

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Clergymen are traditionally stereotyped as being authoritarian. Mason, Holt, and Newsome (1969) tested the validity of this stereotype by comparing seminary students with counselor trainees on the basis of their perceptions of human nature and tendencies toward authoritarianism. They found no significant differences between the two groups in either area.…”

Section: Self-actualization Of Clergymen Rated High and Low In Clinicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Actualization of Clergymen Rated High and Low in Clinical Competencies

Jansen

Garvey

1974

Couns Edu & Supervision

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Section: Self-actualization Of Clergymen Rated High and Low In Clinicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Actualization of Clergymen Rated High and Low in Clinical Competencies

Jansen

Garvey

1974

Couns Edu & Supervision

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Clergymen as counselor trainees: Comparisons with counselors rated most and least competent by their peers

1972

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Minn.) State Hospital PROBLEMA survey of the literature indicates that almost no research has been reported that pertains t o clergymen who seek special counseling training after ordination. Available research (3* 6 -8, contains neither measures of counseling competency nor any evaluation of clergymen's clinical skills in comparison with other groups of counselor trainees. This dearth of research seems significant for several reasons. Gurin, Veroff, and Feld(') reported that 42% of American adults who sought help with personal problems consulted a clergyman. I n contrast, only 18% visited a psychiatrist or a psychologist. Also, data reported by Wagner and Dobbins(9) suggest that the degree of psychological disturbance among parishioners who seek pastoral counseling may be significantly greater than traditionally has been assumed.This study compared clergymen in a master's degree program with counselors rated high and low in competence by their peers. Previous research by the authors(4) revealed significant intellective and nonintellective differences between counselors of both sexes rated in the top and bottom quarters by peers on the basis of perceived competence as counselors. METHODThe sample consisted of 82 male graduate students (33 clergymen, 24 highrated, 25 low-rated) who had completed the practicum in counseling a t North Texas State University during the period from January, 1966 through January, 1971. The sample included all of the clergymen who could be identified (91% Protestant, 9% Roman Catholic) and males who were rated in the top and bottom quarters by their peers on the basis of perceived competence or skill as counselors.The following data were available for each S: (1) Ohio State University Psychological Test raw score; ( 2 ) Cooperative English Tests raw scores; (3) counseling practicum grade; (4) cumulative grade-point average; (5) chronological age; ( 6 ) GuilfordZimmerman Temperament Survey raw scores; and (7) Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory raw score. The t-test was used to test for differences between the mean scores of clergymen and the high-and low-rated counselors on the variables included in the study. Table 1 shows that clergymen differed significantly from male counselors rated in the top quarter by their peers on 12 of the 18 variables. Eight of the 12 significant differences between counselors rated high in competence by their peers and the clergymen Ss were on the same variables, in the same direction and of similar magnitude as the differences between high and low peer-rated counselors. RESULTS AMD DISCUSSIONLike counselors rated in the lowest quarter by their peers, the clergymen Ss scored significantly lower than high-rated counselors on both the Ohio State University Psychological Test and on the Level of Expression subtest of the Cooperative English Tests. The clergymen were also similar to low-rated counselors in that their mean practicum grade and cumulative grade-point average (4point scale) were significantly lower than those of high-rated counselors and because t...

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High-, average- and low-rated clergymen in a state hospital clinical program

Jansen

Garvey

1973

J. Clin. Psychol.

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89duration, with a high rate of return to duty. Decisions with regard t o the return to duty disposition for the alcoholics appeared to be based largely on pay grade and diagnosis.Successful outcome was related directly to level of military status. The older service member with an expressed career orientation is returned to duty and generally succeeds. Recent disciplinary trouble was the most discriminating characteristic of the younger alcoholic. Sixty-four (64) percent success is as good an outcome proportion as is found in the general psychiatric population. With the short hospitalization time and discrimination possible between chronic versus acute diagnoses, rated vs. unrated men, and good us. poor disciplinary records, treatment of the man diagnosed alcoholic can benefit the man and the service.

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Human Nature and Authoritarianism in Seminary Students and Counselor Trainees

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Self‐Actualization of Clergymen Rated High and Low in Clinical Competencies

Self‐Actualization of Clergymen Rated High and Low in Clinical Competencies

Clergymen as counselor trainees: Comparisons with counselors rated most and least competent by their peers

High-, average- and low-rated clergymen in a state hospital clinical program

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