Ainsi que lâa dĂ©montrĂ© la littĂ©rature universitaire au cours des deux derniĂšres dĂ©cennies, la pollution est une importante menace potentielle Ă la santĂ© Ă court et Ă long terme des ĂȘtres humains et de lâenvironnement naturel de lâArctique, de mĂȘme quâelle soulĂšve des questions de justice sociale et environnementale. Certaines Ă©tudes ont Ă©tabli un lien entre des polluants tels que les mĂ©taux lourds, les polluants organiques de longue durĂ©e et les radionuclĂ©ides, et lâusage traditionnel des nourritures locales par les peuples autochtones, y compris les Inuit. Ayant, dâune multitude de maniĂšres, un impact nuisible sur les communautĂ©s inuit, ces polluants reprĂ©sentent lâune des manifestations du changement global Ă travers le Grand Nord circumpolaire. En prenant pour point dâinvestigation la communautĂ© dâInukjuak, Nunavik (nord du QuĂ©bec), Canada, cet article examine les rĂŽles des femmes et des hommes inuit dans leur participation aux activitĂ©s de chasse et Ă lâidentification des polluants-contaminants; il dĂ©montre comment les hommes et les femmes construisent diffĂ©remment cette question cruciale des contaminants. Lâarticle examine de plus pourquoi le fait dâinclure les perspectives des deux sexes est essentiel au dĂ©veloppement de politiques, de stratĂ©gies et de programmes environnementaux efficaces en rĂ©ponse Ă ces contaminants.As has been well-documented in the scholarly literature over the last two decades, contaminants pose a potentially significant threat to the short and long-term health of Arctic human and natural environments and raise questions of social and environmental justice. Studies link contaminants such as heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants and radionuclides with the use of traditional country foods by Indigenous peoples including the Inuit. Adversely impacting Inuit communities in a myriad of ways, contaminants represent one manifestation of global change across the circumpolar North. Focusing on the community of Inukjuak, Nunavik (Northern QuĂ©bec), Canada, this paper investigates the roles of Inuit women and men vis-Ă -vis participation in hunting activities and the identification of contaminants, and demonstrates how women and men construct the lead contaminant issue differently. Additionally, the paper explores why including the perspectives of both is critical to the development of effective environmental health policies, programs and strategies in response to these contaminants