Human mesenchymal stem cells seeded on extracellular matrix‐scaffold: Viability and osteogenic potential

Abstract

The development and the optimization of novel culture systems of mesenchymal osteoprogenitors are some of the most important challenges in the field of bone tissue engineering (TE). A new combination between cells and extracellular matrix (ECM)-scaffold, containing ECM has here been analyzed. As source for osteoprogenitors, mesenchymal stem cells obtained from human umbilical cord Wharton's Jelly (hWJMSCs), were used. As ECM-scaffold, a powder form of isolated and purified porcine urinary bladder matrix (pUBM), was employed. The goals of the current work were: (1) the characterization of the in vitro hWJMSCs behavior, in terms of viability, proliferation, and adhesion to ECM-scaffold; (2) the effectiveness of ECM-scaffold to induce/modulate the osteoblastic differentiation; and (3) the proposal for a possible application of cells/ECM-scaffold construct to the field of cell/TE. In this respect, the properties of the pUBM-scaffold in promoting and guiding the in vitro adhesion, proliferation, and three-dimensional colonization of hWJMSCs, without altering viability and morphological characteristics of the cells, are here described. Finally, we have also demonstrated that pUBM-scaffolds positively affect the expression of typical osteoblastic markers in hWJMSCs.

Neurorestorative Effect of Urinary Bladder Matrix-Mediated Neural Stem Cell Transplantation Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

“…The lack of an astrocytic scar at the injection site suggests the rapid degradation of UBM. Furthermore, UBM supports the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal osteoprogenitors [51] and NSCs (Figure 1, 2). We conclude that UBM provides a suitable microenvironment for enhanced cell viability.…”

“…In this study, the decision to use UBM as the bioactive scaffold to support NSC proliferation, differentiation and migration was based on previous studies in our and other laboratories [48, 49, 51]. UBM and its derivatives have been used successfully as extracellular matrix in external tissue construction [48–50] and to support repair [25–27].…”

Skin extracellular matrix components accelerate the regenerative potential of Lin− cells

“…The results obtained show that in the extracellular substance bearing microenvironment, Lin¯ cells start to proliferate more intensively after a different rest period. The data of other investigators revealed that different proteins of extracellular origin in vitro may also influence the proliferative activity of other cell types involved in the tissue repair process, such as fibroblasts [25], keratinocytes [26] and separate stem cell populations, in particular mesenchymal stem cells [27]. In our experimental groups, where the cells were cultivated in collagen type I and basement membrane matrixes, the proliferation activity increased by 29% after 72 h and by 30% after 96 h, respectively.…”

Modulus-dependent characteristics of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSC) encapsulated in hydrogel microspheres

“…[24,25] When studied in porcine urinary bladder matrix, WJMSCs elevated expressions of osteoblastic markers without affecting the viability of the cells. [15] To facilitate cellular interactions and provide a supportive 3D matrix, we immobilized WJMSCs in calcium alginate. It has already been reported that the tension caused in the microenvironment of the cells induces reorganization of cellular cytoskeleton.…”

“…[14] Investigations by Penolazzi et al have observed up regulation of osteogenesis in WJMSCs seeded in 3D extra cellular matrix obtained from purified porcine urinary bladder. [15] A study on WJMSC encapsulation in barium alginate has focused on understanding the effect of parameters utilized in microsphere fabrication and functionality of the encapsulated cells in terms of its secretory profile. [16] While the findings initiated studies on WJMSC encapsulation, it has become important to investigate the conduct of these stem cells post encapsulation with respect to degradation and elastic properties of the substrate in a physiologically relevant environment.…”