Human liver plasma membranes contain an enzyme activity that removes membrane anchor from alkaline phosphatase and converts it to a plasma-like form

Stinson, Robert A.; Hamilton, Brad A.

doi:10.1016/0009-9120(94)90011-6

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It plays an important role in osteoid formation and mineralization by enzymatic degradation of the inhibitor of mineralization, pyrophosphate at an alkaline pH. [12] ALP is the first BTM to be used in both clinical and research setting. Several isoforms of ALP have been identified in liver, intestine, placenta, and bone.…”

Section: Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (Total and Bone-specific Alkalinementioning

confidence: 99%

Bone turnover markers: Emerging tool in the management of osteoporosis

Shetty

Kapoor

Bondu

et al. 2016

Indian J Endocr Metab

225

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Bone is a dynamic tissue which undergoes constant remodeling throughout the life span. Bone turnover is balanced with coupling of bone formation and resorption at various rates leading to continuous remodeling of bone. A study of bone turnover markers (BTMs) provides an insight of the dynamics of bone turnover in many metabolic bone disorders. An increase in bone turnover seen with aging and pathological states such as osteoporosis leads to deterioration of bone microarchitecture and thus contributes to an increase in the risk of fracture independent of low bone mineral density (BMD). These microarchitectural alterations affecting the bone quality can be assessed by BTMs and thus may serve as a complementary tool to BMD in the assessment of fracture risk. A systematic search of literature regarding BTMs was carried out using the PubMed database for the purpose of this review. Various reliable, rapid, and cost-effective automated assays of BTMs with good sensitivity are available for the management of osteoporosis. However, BTMs are subjected to various preanalytical and analytical variations necessitating strict sample collection and assays methods along with utilizing ethnicity-based reference standards for different populations. Estimation of fracture risk and monitoring the adherence and response to therapy, which is a challenge in a chronic, asymptomatic disease such as osteoporosis, are the most important applications of measuring BTMs. This review describes the physiology of bone remodeling, various conventional and novel BTMs, and BTM assays and their role in the assessment of fracture risk and monitoring response to treatment with antiresorptive or anabolic agents.

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Section: Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (Total and Bone-specific Alkalinementioning

confidence: 99%

Bone turnover markers: Emerging tool in the management of osteoporosis

Shetty

Kapoor

Bondu

et al. 2016

Indian J Endocr Metab

225

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“…Following glabridin supplementation, they were decreased when compared with DM rats. SAKP is a membrane bound enzyme glycoprotein enzyme (27). Expression of this enzyme is increased when the bile ducts become blocked.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of glabridin on collagen deposition in liver and amelioration of hepatocyte destruction in diabetes rats

et al. 2019

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Abnormalities in insulin hormone levels leads to a hyperglycemic condition of diabetic mellitus. Hyperglycemia seriously induces organ and system destructions. The excessive accumulation of collagen fiber deposits occurs in inflammatory and reorganization processes of chronic liver diseases in type I insulin-dependent diabetes. Regarding the research objective, glabridin (GLB), an active compound of licorice, was used as a daily supplement (40 mg/kg) in order to decrease hepatocyte destruction and collagen deposition in liver tissue of diabetic animals induced by streptozotocin. A total of 40 were randomly allocated to five groups (each, n=10), control, control treated with GLB (GLB), diabetic rats (DM) injected with single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) to induce a diabetic condition, diabetic rats receiving GLB (DM+GLB; 40 mg/kg) and diabetic rats treated with glibenclamide (DM+GL; 4 mg/kg). Characteristic histopathological changes in liver cells and tissues of rats were determined by Masson's trichrome staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Western blotting was used to detect the expression of the key markers, collagen type I and fibronectin proteins. The histological investigation of liver tissue of the DM group revealed that the collagen fiber deposition was increased in the periportal, pericentral and perisinusoidal spaces compared with controls. Hepatocytes appeared as small and fragmented cells in TEM examination. Collagenization of the perisinusoidal space was recently demonstrated to represent a new aspect of the microvascular abnormalities and liver fibrosis. Healthy hepatocytes with round nucleus were observed following supplementation of glabridin. In addition, collagen fiber deposition was reduced in the area adjacent to the perisinusoidal space. The expression of collagen type I and fibronectin decreased strongly following glabridin supplementation in DM+GLB rats compared with DM rats, indicating that the hepatic tissue reorganization regained its normal morphology. These findings suggest that it may be beneficial to examine the role of glabridin as a therapeutic agent in diabetes treatment in future research.

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“…Alkaline phosphatase ( ALP ) is a serological marker directly related to skeletal development and, in particular, to bone formation and growth ( Seibel, 2005 ). ALP is a ubiquitous enzyme attached on the outer cell surface ( Stinson and Hamilton, 1994 ); the precise function of the enzyme is still unknown, but it obviously plays an important role in osteoid formation and mineralization ( Harris, 1990 ). This serological marker is now an important tool in the assessment and differential diagnosis of metabolic bone diseases in humans; nevertheless, it has never been used in broiler breeder pullets to assess body development during the rearing period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of fibrous diet and vitamin C inclusion on uniformity, carcass traits, skeletal strength, and behavior of broiler breeder pullets

et al. 2020

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This experiment studied the effect of broiler breeder nutritional strategies on uniformity, carcass traits, tibia parameters, and behavior during rearing and prebreeder periods (up to 22 wk of age). One-day-old pullets (n = 384) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial, with 2 fiber levels (control vs. fibrous diet, 15% diluted in AMEn and nutrient content) and 2 vitamin C feed inclusions (0 vs. 200 mg/kg). At 6, 15, and 22 wk, blood sampling was carried out (4 birds/replicate) to determine serum alkaline phosphatase ( ALP ) levels, and behavior was observed by visual scan sampling. At 22 wk, carcass traits, tibia parameters, and intestinal morphology were assessed (2 birds/replicate), and tail- and wing-feather integrity of all birds were scored. Fibrous diet did not modify BW uniformity, mortality, or tibia growth when compared with control diet. Pullets fed the fibrous diet had lower tibia breaking strength, elastic modulus, and ash content values ( P < 0.05). They also had lower ALP serum level at 6 and 22 wk ( P < 0.05), their breast muscle was less developed (18.5 vs. 19.8%, P < 0.05), and their abdominal fat deposition was higher (1.14 vs. 0.87%, P < 0.05). At 15 and 22 wk, they performed, on average, 97% less grasping feather pecking and 45% less non–food object pecking behaviors, and their wing-feather score was lower ( P < 0.05) at 22 wk. Tail- and wing-feather scores of the control treatments were reduced by vitamin C inclusion (tail: 0.30 vs. 1.15, P < 0.05; wing: 0.98 vs. 1.26, P < 0.05) at 22 wk. In conclusion, fibrous diet improves carcass traits (reduces breast muscle and increases abdominal fat deposition), deteriorates bone mineral deposition and thus skeletal strength, and reduces stereotypic behaviors, improving wing-feather integrity. Vitamin C inclusion improves tail- and wing-feather integrity of lower in feed allowance.

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Human liver plasma membranes contain an enzyme activity that removes membrane anchor from alkaline phosphatase and converts it to a plasma-like form

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Bone turnover markers: Emerging tool in the management of osteoporosis

Bone turnover markers: Emerging tool in the management of osteoporosis

Effect of glabridin on collagen deposition in liver and amelioration of hepatocyte destruction in diabetes rats

Effect of fibrous diet and vitamin C inclusion on uniformity, carcass traits, skeletal strength, and behavior of broiler breeder pullets

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