Human leukocyte antigen E in human cytomegalovirus infection: friend or foe?

HLA-E expression and its clinical relevance in human renal cell carcinoma

“…Tumors have developed different strategies to escape immune surveillance [1], including down-regulation of classical MHC class I antigens and/or components of the antigen processing machinery (APM) [2] or up-regulation of the non-classical HLA-G and –E antigens [3]. While HLA-G binds to the inhibitory receptors ILT2, ILT4 and KIR2DL4, HLA-E is the major ligand for the inhibitory NK cell receptor CD94/NKG2A,- B and for the activating -C expressed on NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) [4, 5] resulting in a reduced immune effector cell mediated cytotoxicity [4, 6].…”

Association of human leukocyte antigen E polymorphism with human cytomegalovirus reactivation in Chinese burn patients

“…Numerous studies have suggested that human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E plays an important role in regulating anti-HCMV immunity [7][8][9][10][11]. It is reported that in HCMVinfected cells, classical major histocompatibility (MHC) class I molecules are down-regulated, but the MHC class Ib molecule HLA-E is normally expressed or even overexpressed on the cell surface [8][9][10].…”

Modified Da Chengqi granules improvement in immune function in early severe acute pancreatitis patients

“…The ratio of Th1/Th2 cells seems to be stable. These cells secrete many immune mediators including IL-6, IL-10 and play an important role in specific and non-specific immunity (Gong et al, 2012(Gong et al, , 2013. The main functional role of regulatory T (Treg) cells involves secretion of anti-inflammatory mediators such as IL-10 and TGF-β, thus they regulate autoimmune responses.…”