“…It has been attributed to attentional mechanisms (e.g., Hall & Rodriguez, 2010; Lubow et al, 1981; Mackintosh, 1975; Pearce & Hall, 1980; Le Pelley, 2004), interference between competing representations (e.g., Bouton, 1993; Hall & Rodriguez, 2010), and a reduction in the ability of elements of the cue to enter into associations with an outcome by way of context-cue associations (e.g., McLaren & Mackintosh, 2000; Wagner, 1981). To complicate matters further, there are allegations that demonstrations of “latent inhibition” in humans are unlikely to involve the same mechanisms as in animals (Byrom et al, 2018; Le Pelley & Schmidt-Hansen, 2010; Schmidt-Hansen & Le Pelley, 2012). Byrom et al (2018) specifically argued that it is difficult to determine latent-inhibition effects in humans because, as in the present experiment, human experiments appear to involve more procedures than simply pre-exposing a stimulus than do animal studies.…”