Human Keratinocytes Synthesize, Secrete, and Degrade Acetylcholine

Grando, Sergei A.; Kist, David A.; Qi, Mei; Dahl, Mark V.

doi:10.1111/1523-1747.ep12358588

Cited by 259 publications

(203 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

188

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The localization of ChAT IR in the submucosal and myenteric plexi is consistent with other reports that employed immunocytochemistry on whole mounts (Furness et al 1984(Furness et al ,1985Schemann et al 1993Schemann et al ,1995Mann et al 1995), including studies that successfully used 1.B3.9B3 (Schemann et al 1993(Schemann et al ,1995. In addition, ChAT IR and activity in endothelia of various tissues have been previously described (Parnavelas et al 1985;Gonzalez and Santos-Benito 1987;Milner et al 1989), and there are reports of ChAT in epithelial cells (Grando et al 1993;Sakuragawa et al 1997) and lymphocytes (Rinner and Schauenstein 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In this context, it is interesting to note that acetylcholinesterase activity is present in some epithelia, including large bowel (Sine et al 1991), epidermis (Grando et al 1993), and amniotic epithelial cells (Sakuragawa et al 1997), and that ChAT is also capable of hydrolyzing acetylcholine (Molenaar 1990). Skin and amniotic epithelial cells have been shown both to contain ChAT and to metabolize acetylcholine (Grando et al 1993;Sakuragawa et al 1997). However, the literature does not provide an explanation for the observed pattern of stronger staining in the jejunal villi and weaker or negative staining in the jejunal crypts, ileum, and colon.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Choline Acetyltransferase (ChAT) Immunoreactivity in Paraffin Sections of Normal and Diseased Intestines

Ratcliffe

Desa

Dixon

et al. 1998

J Histochem Cytochem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThere is increasing interest in localizing nerves in the intestine, especially specific populations of nerves. At present, the usual histochemical marker for cholinergic nerves in tissue sections is acetylcholinesterase activity. However, such techniques are applicable only to frozen sections and have uncertain specificity. Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) is also present in cholinergic nerves, and we therefore aimed to establish a paraffin section immunocytochemical technique using an anti-ChAT antibody. Monoclonal anti-choline acetyltransferase (1.B3.9B3) and a biotin-streptavidin detection system were used to study the distribution of ChAT immunoreactivity (ChAT IR) in paraffin-embedded normal and diseased gastrointestinal tracts from both rats and humans. Optimal staining was seen after 6-24 hr of fixation in neutral buffered formalin and overnight incubation in 1 g/ml of 1.B3.9B3, with a similar distribution to that seen in frozen sections. In the rat diaphragm (used as a positive control), axons and motor endplates were ChAT IR. Proportions of ganglion cells and nerve fibers in the intramural plexi of both human and rat gastrointestinal tracts were also ChAT IR, as well as extrinsic nerve bundles in aganglionic segments of Hirschsprung's disease. Mucosal cholinergic nerves, however, were not visualized. In addition, non-neuronal cells such as endothelium, epithelium, and inflammatory cells were ChAT IR. We were able to localize ChAT to nerves in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections. The presence of ChAT IR in non-neuronal cells indicates that this method should be used in conjunction with other antibodies. Nevertheless, it proves to be a useful technique for studying cholinergic neuronal distinction in normal tissues and pathological disorders.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Choline Acetyltransferase (ChAT) Immunoreactivity in Paraffin Sections of Normal and Diseased Intestines

Ratcliffe

Desa

Dixon

et al. 1998

J Histochem Cytochem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…28 Cell culture medium was changed every 3 days. All experiments were performed using the second to fourth passage keratinocyte monolayers at ϳ80% confluence grown from at least three different foreskin donors.…”

Section: Experiments With Human Keratinocyte Monolayersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Mechanisms of Target Cell Death and Survival and of Therapeutic Action of IVIg in Pemphigus

Arredondo

Chernyavsky

Karaouni

et al. 2005

The American Journal of Pathology

Self Cite

112

139

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Furthermore, it has been shown that simultaneous activation of nAChRs and their muscarinic counterpart (mAChRs) on keratinocytes leads to secretion of filaggrin followed by apoptotic cell death (Nguyen et al, 2001). As keratinocytes also synthesize and secrete ACh (Grando et al, 1993;Nguyen et al, 2001), it appears that in the human epidermis, ACh, via nAChRs, controls migration and cornification of skin cells in a autocrine/paracrine manner. The unequal distribution of AChE in the different layers of epidermis (see above) suggests that there is a gradient in the levels of ACh.…”

Section: Possible Physiologic Roles For Nachrs On Nonexcitable Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinic receptor signaling in nonexcitable cells

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The finding that neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are present in nonneuronal cells both within and outside the nervous system raises some interesting issues. The mechanisms underlying receptor signaling and its downstream consequences in these cells remain to be elucidated. Factors controlling the release of acetylcholine and the extent of its diffusion are likely to be different for these cells than for traditional neuronal synapses. Recent advances on the physiologic functions of some of these cell types have provided a better insight into possible functional roles for nAChRs in nonexcitable cells. The presence of nAChRs on these cells also implies a broader scope for the actions of nicotine that needs to be considered from a clinical viewpoint. Revealing the potential physiologic roles for nAChRs on nonexcitable cells is likely to provide a more complete understanding of cholinergic signaling.

show abstract

Human Keratinocytes Synthesize, Secrete, and Degrade Acetylcholine

Cited by 259 publications

References 46 publications

Choline Acetyltransferase (ChAT) Immunoreactivity in Paraffin Sections of Normal and Diseased Intestines

Choline Acetyltransferase (ChAT) Immunoreactivity in Paraffin Sections of Normal and Diseased Intestines

Novel Mechanisms of Target Cell Death and Survival and of Therapeutic Action of IVIg in Pemphigus

Nicotinic receptor signaling in nonexcitable cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About