Human Intraocular Penetration of Sodium Oxacillin

Records, Raymond E.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1967.00980020695026

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In two studies conducted in 1966 and 1967, the vitreal concentration of semi-synthetic penicillin derivatives oxacillin and methicillin were studied following systemic administration. In both cases, vitreal concentrations were below known therapeutic concentrations [6,7]. A rabbit study evaluated the total concentration of penicillin in ocular tissues and found extremely high levels of penicillin in all ocular tissues except the lens and vitreous [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous administration of Penicillin results in therapeutic intravitreal levels in chronic postoperative endophthalmitis

Thabet

Gottlieb

Hurley

et al. 2021

J Ophthal Inflamm Infect

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Importance The role of systemic antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis remains controversial. While penicillin is a highly effective antibiotic against bacteria that frequently cause endophthalmitis, the ability of systemically administered Penicillin G to penetrate into the vitreous at adequate therapeutic concentrations has not been studied. Its role in the treatment of endophthalmitis, particularly for bacteria for which it is the antibiotic of choice, therefore remains unknown. Objective We sought to determine whether intravenous administration of Penicillin G leads to adequate therapeutic concentrations in the vitreous for the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis. Design and setting This study was conducted in an ambulatory setting, at the Ottawa Hospital Eye Institute, a university-affiliated tertiary care center, where a 77-year old gentleman with chronic post-cataract surgery Actinomyces neuii endophathalmitis was treated with intravenous Penicillin G (4 × 106 units every 4 h) and intravitreal ampicillin (5000μg/0.1 m1). Main outcomes and measures Intravitreal concentration of Penicillin G and ampicillin were obtained at the time of intraocular lens removal, measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results The intravitreal concentration of penicillin and ampicillin was 3.5μg/ml and 0.3μg/ml, respectively. Both the concentration of penicillin and ampicillin were within the level of detection of their respective assays (penicillin 0.06-5μg/ml, ampicillin 0.12–2.5μg/ml). Conclusion and relevance This study shows that intravenous Penicillin G administered every four-hours allows for adequate intravitreal concentrations of penicillin. Future studies are required to determine if the results of this study translate into improved clinical outcomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intravenous administration of Penicillin results in therapeutic intravitreal levels in chronic postoperative endophthalmitis

Thabet

Gottlieb

Hurley

et al. 2021

J Ophthal Inflamm Infect

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show abstract

“…Penicillin penetration into the aqueous and vitreous humours is generally poor84 85 even in the inflamed eye 86. Intraocular levels can be improved by concomitant use of probenecid, a tubule blocking drug87; that is, however, rarely used in practice.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current approach to postoperative endophthalmitis

Sunaric-Mégevand¹,

Pournaras²

1997

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…After oral administration, detectable levels are present in the milk of nursing mothers; substantial levels are found in bile (PRIGOTet al 1962). Oxacillin will penetrate into osseous and synovial tissues ofthe hip (FITZGERALD et al 1978), but will not cross the blood-aqueous barrier in the eye (RECORDS 1967). Lung tissue levels are approximately one-quarter of those in serum (KISS et al 1974).…”

Section: CImentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of β-Lactam Antibiotics

Kwan¹

1983

Antibiotics

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Human Intraocular Penetration of Sodium Oxacillin

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Intravenous administration of Penicillin results in therapeutic intravitreal levels in chronic postoperative endophthalmitis

Intravenous administration of Penicillin results in therapeutic intravitreal levels in chronic postoperative endophthalmitis

Current approach to postoperative endophthalmitis

Pharmacokinetics of β-Lactam Antibiotics

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