Human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes.

Dobbins, William O.

doi:10.1136/gut.27.8.972

Cited by 98 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Studies in the dog have also shown a greater number of IEL in the villus than crypt epithelium, but the numbers are similar in the duodenum and ileum [24]. Fewer studies have investigated the numbers of IEL in the large intestine, but Dobbins [17] reported 5% epithelial cells in man and Atkins and Schofield [3] 2% epithelial cells in dogs. The numbers of IEL in the feline large intestine are similar (about 4% epithelial cells) [48].…”

Section: Inductive and Effector Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal defence along the gastrointestinal tract of cats and dogs

Stokes

Waly

2006

Vet. Res.

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-Diseases that are associated with infections or allergic reactions in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts are major causes of morbidity in both cats and dogs. Future strategies for the control of these conditions require a greater understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the induction and regulation of responses at the mucosal surfaces. Historically, the majority of the fundamental studies have been carried out in rodents or with tissues obtained from man, but the expanding range of reagents available for the study of farm and companion animals provides opportunities for study in a wider range of animals including cats and dogs. To date, these studies have tended to be focussed on characterising the cellular distributions in healthy animals and in groups of cats and dogs identified as having an increased risk of mucosal disturbance. Where species comparisons of mucosal immune systems have been made, the results have tended to be divided between monogastric and ruminant animals. It is then not surprising that the mucosal immune systems of both cats and dogs bear greatest similarity to that documented for man and pigs.

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Section: Inductive and Effector Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal defence along the gastrointestinal tract of cats and dogs

Stokes

Waly

2006

Vet. Res.

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“…Mice were fasted overnight in metabolic cages but allowed access to water. Under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia the abdomen was opened via a midline incision and segments of proximal jejunum were removed 1, 7, 24, and 42 linear fluorescence ofthe epithelial basement membrane along ,the entire length of the crypt-villus axis (Figs. 1 d and 2 d).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epithelial basement membrane of mouse jejunum. Evidence for laminin turnover along the entire crypt-villus axis.

Trier¹,

Allan²,

Abrahamson³

et al. 1990

J. Clin. Invest.

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Little is known regarding turnover of the epithelial basement membrane in adult small intestine. Are components degraded and inserted along the length of the crypt-villus axis or selectively in the crypt region with subsequent migration of basement membrane from crypt to villus tip in concert with epithelium? We injected affinity-purified sheep anti-laminin IgG or sheep anti-laminin IgG complexed to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into mice to label basement membrane laminin in vivo. Fluorescence microscopy revealed linear fluorescence along the length of the jejunal epithelial basement membrane 1 d after anti-laminin IgG injection. By 1 wk, small nonfluorescent domains were interposed between larger fluorescent domains. Over the next 5 wk the lengths of nonfluorescent domains increased progressively whereas those of fluorescent domains decreased. Additionally, electron microscopy revealed HRP reaction product along the length of the epithelial basement membrane after 1 d whereas unlabeled or lightly labeled domains that increased in length with time were observed interposed between heavily labeled domains by 2 and 4 wk along the entire crypt-villus axis. We conclude that laminin turnover occurs focally in the epithelial basement membrane of mouse jejunum along the crypt-villus axis over a period of weeks and that this basement membrane does not comigrate in concert with its overlying epithelium. (J. Clin. Invest. 1990. 86:87-95.)

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“…Standard 5-M-thick, formalin-fixed, paraffinembedded tissue sections were mounted on glass slides, stained with H&E, and examined by light microscopy. The samples were evaluated grossly at low power, as were Ն10 high-power (ϫ400) fields per section, in a blinded fashion using standard criteria established for intestinal mucosal tissues in theses sites (42)(43)(44)(45). An increased ratio of intraepithelial lymphocytes (Ͼ1:5 lymphocytes:epithelial cells in the small intestine and Ͼ1:20 in the colon) was recorded as abnormal.…”

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal Plasma Cell Repertoire During HIV-1 Infection

Scamurra

Nelson

Lin

et al. 2002

The Journal of Immunology

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Impaired development of local Ab responses may predispose HIV-1-infected patients to an increased rate, severity, and duration of mucosal infections. We characterized the repertoire of Ig-producing cells in the intestinal effector compartment (the lamina propria) of HIV-1-infected (n = 29) and seronegative control (n = 27) subjects. The density of Ig-producing cells per area was similar in both groups. However, the proportions of IgA-producing cells were lower in both the duodenum and colon from HIV-1-infected patients compared with those of control subjects (p < 0.05), with compensatory increases in IgG-producing cells in the colon and IgM-producing cells in the duodenum. Similarly, among Abs in the lumen the proportions of IgA were also decreased and the proportions of IgG were increased among HIV-1-infected patients. On a molecular level, VH gene repertoire analyses by RT-PCR revealed comparable proportions of the VH3 family among duodenal IgA transcripts (50–53%) from both groups. VH3 expression was decreased only for IgM among patients with advanced HIV-1 disease (n = 6) compared with that of control subjects (n = 8) (48 ± 8 vs 62 ± 13%; p < 0.01). Moreover, the frequencies of individual IgM and IgA VH3 genes were comparable in each group, including rates of putative HIV-1 gp120-binding VH3 genes (V3-23, V3-30, V3-30/3-30.5). We conclude that, despite a decrement in local IgA producing cells, the density and molecular VH repertoire of mucosal plasma cells are relatively intact among patients with HIV-1 infection. These data suggest that HIV-1-infected patients use functional regulatory mechanisms to provide sufficient VH diversity and effective induction and differentiation of mucosal B cells.

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Human intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes.

Cited by 98 publications

References 59 publications

Mucosal defence along the gastrointestinal tract of cats and dogs

Mucosal defence along the gastrointestinal tract of cats and dogs

Epithelial basement membrane of mouse jejunum. Evidence for laminin turnover along the entire crypt-villus axis.

Mucosal Plasma Cell Repertoire During HIV-1 Infection

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