Human Interactions Framework for Remote Ship Operations

Kari, Raheleh; Gaspar, Henrique M.; Gausdal, Anne Haugen; Morshedi, Maghsoud

doi:10.1109/med.2018.8442624

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Kari et al [29] considered the factors that affect the operators' trust in systems. They found that training programs affect the trust between operators and the automated system, suggesting that SCC operators should be trained well.…”

Section: Trustmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It includes the integration between attitudes, knowledge, and certain skills that leads to members adapting and optimizing their performance [33]. According to Kari et al [29], human interactions between operators affect the whole performance of a remote control system in both a positive and a negative way. A study of UAV accidents highlights the role of crew/team leadership and supervision.…”

Section: Teamworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human Factor Issues in Remote Ship Operations: Lesson Learned by Studying Different Domains

Kari

Steinert

2021

JMSE

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The idea of remote controlling ships for operational and commercial uses has developed beyond concepts. Controlling and monitoring vessels from a distant location requires updating the concept and requirements of shore control centers (SCCs), where human operators control the fleet via cameras, GPS, and many other types of sensors. While remote ship operation promises to reduce operational and maintenance costs, while increasing loading capacity and safety, it also brings significant uncertainty related to both the human-machine and human-human interactions which will affect operations. Achieving safe, reliable, and efficient remote ship operations requires consideration of both technological, cultural, social and human factor aspects of the system. Indeed, operators will act as captain and crew remotely, from the SCC, introducing new types of hardware and software interactions. This paper provides an overview of human factor issues that may affect human-machine and human-human interactions in the course of remote ship operations. In doing so, the literature related to remote operations in the domains of shipping, aerial vehicles, cranes, train transportation, automobiles, and mining is reviewed. Findings revealed that human factor issues are likely to fall into 13 distinct groups based on the type of human interactions that take place in SCCs.

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Section: Trustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Teamworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Factor Issues in Remote Ship Operations: Lesson Learned by Studying Different Domains

Kari

Steinert

2021

JMSE

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“…Most autonomous systems will thus rely on the interaction between software, hardware and humans for operation. This reliance is not a novelty and is already present in complex highly automated systems (Endsley, 2017;Ho et al, 2011;Kari et al, 2018). Yet, autonomy brings new layers of complexity (Huang et al, 2010).…”

Section: Table 1 Summary Of Different Loas Expected For Autonomous Ma...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A generic approach to analysing failures in human – System interaction in autonomy

et al. 2020

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“…The absence of human operators onboard exacerbates safety concerns as no skilled person is capable of responding locally in case of abnormal events, and the remote 'seafarers' may not develop the same level of situational awareness compared with those at the frontline (Kari, Gaspar, Gausdal, & Morshedi, 2018). Navigation-related risks, such as collision and stranding, may decrease with the adoption of a higher level of automation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Future technological advancement of remotely controlled and autonomous ship technology may further gradually replace the manning needs, as the autonomous system is perceived to be capable of performing equally or outperforming the crew in terms of reliability and consistency -in some part of the operations. It has also been anticipated that autonomous ships may enhance the welfare and quality of seafarers' life by removing the hazardous working condition and physical distance to shore (Kari et al, 2018). Furthermore, operators capable of manoeuvring the ship from shore with qualification standards and relevant certification (when developed) will be in high demand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of automation technology on gender parity in maritime industry

Kim

Sharma

Gausdal

et al. 2019

WMU J Marit Affairs

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Autonomous technological advancement is projected to be a major step change in the world of shipping, creating new opportunities and challenges for maritime authorities and all stakeholders in the maritime sector. In this paper, we aim to explore the influence of automation technology implementation on employment opportunities for women seafarers/operators in the merchant shipping industry. A group of subject matter experts, which composed of shipowners, maritime education and training providers, and shipboard officers, were invited to elaborate on the perceived barriers and the prospects of female employment in the era of autonomous shipping, through a qualitative exploration. The collected data was analysed using thematic analysis to identify the potential challenges, barriers and opportunities for women employment in the maritime industry. The findings from this study reveal measures to improve gender parity in the maritime industry and help address the strategic directions of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) on women empowerment and the Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5) of the United Nations.

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Human Interactions Framework for Remote Ship Operations

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Human Factor Issues in Remote Ship Operations: Lesson Learned by Studying Different Domains

Human Factor Issues in Remote Ship Operations: Lesson Learned by Studying Different Domains

A generic approach to analysing failures in human – System interaction in autonomy

Impact of automation technology on gender parity in maritime industry

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