Human Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1) in Northern Vietnam, 2004–2005

Abstract

with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection, a history of high-risk exposure or chest radiographic fi ndings such as pneumonia, and positive fi ndings for A/H5 viral RNA by reverse transcription-PCR. We investigated data from 29 patients (mean age 35.1 years) of whom 7 (24.1%) had died. Mortality rates were 20% (5/25) and 50% (2/4) among patients treated with or without oseltamivir (p = 0.24), respectively, and were 33.3% (5/15) and 14.2% (2/14) among patients treated with and without methylprednisolone (p = 0.39), respectively. After exact logistic regression analysis was adjusted for variation in severity, no signifi cant effectiveness for survival was observed among patients treated with oseltamivir or methylprednisolone.

Effectiveness of Antiviral Treatment in Human Influenza A(H5N1) Infections: Analysis of a Global Patient Registry

“…Forty-one cases (13%) were abstracted from clinical records in Azerbaijan, Hong Kong, Nigeria, Pakistan, Turkey; 175 cases (57%) in Egypt and Indonesia were obtained from governmental records, other clinical data, and from public Web sites [28,29] complemented by matching cases in ProMED [30]. And 92 cases (30%) were obtained from detailed publications about cases in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Egypt, Thailand, Vietnam, and other regions in Indonesia [6,7,11,18,24,[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Figure 1 illustrates the availability of data on medication and dates of presentation for medical care and highlights the 2 main analytic subgroups.…”

Avian Influenza Viruses in Wild Land Birds in Northern Vietnam

“…A recent HPAI H5N1 isolate from a tree sparrow linked to limited transmission among humans in China (Liu et al, 2010) and a relatively high prevalence of AIVs in passerines in the USA (Fuller et al, 2010) also motivate a closer look at the occurrence of AIVs in wild-caught passerines. Little information is available about the occurrence of AIVs in wild-caught birds in Southeast Asia, including Vietnam, an area experiencing a relatively high incidence of outbreaks in humans and domestic poultry (Alexander, 2007;Hien et al, 2009;Brown, 2010). Our study focused on surveillance for the presence of influenza A virus nucleic acids and antibodies for AIVs in wild-caught forest-dwelling birds in northern Vietnam.…”

Avian Influenza (H7N9) Virus Infection in Chinese Tourist in Malaysia, 2014

“…The patient was given methylprednisolone after a week of hospitalization; although she subsequently improved, it was unclear if this was in response to the antimicrobial drugs, the corticosteroids, or the natural course of the infection. Anecdotal reports describe clinical improvement of a patient in Taiwan with influenza (H7N9) pneumonia after receipt of corticosteroids ( 9 ), but such improvement has not been supported by larger studies of influenza (H7N9) patients ( 3 ) or studies of adults in Vietnam infected with avian influenza (H5N1) virus ( 10 , 11 ). …”