Human impact on the hydrology of the Andean páramos

Buytaert, Wouter; Célleri, Rolando; Bièvre, Bert De; Cisneros, Félipe; Wyseure, Guido; Deckers, Jozef; Hofstede, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2006.06.002

Cited by 482 publications

(478 citation statements)

References 86 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…2a and Table 1). This bias is attributed to the complexity and diversity of the spatial distribution of precipitation in this large area [29], which is mainly produced by the topography variables (elevation, slope, and aspect). The result is indicative of the presence of strong climate gradients that are not usually identified or are difficult to capture with precise measurements from the weather stations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Trends and Return Periods of Daily Extreme Precipitation Associated with Tropical Cyclones in the Core North American Monsoon

Cárdenas¹,

Norzagaray-Campos²,

Sevilla³

et al. 2016

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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The largest number of tropical cyclones (TCs) is generated in the northeastern Pacific Basin. These storms can produce extreme precipitation (EP) in northwestern Mexico, causing loss of life and environmental damage. It is important to understand the dynamics that cause the EP associated with TCs, since most human activity requires planning to adjust to the dynamics of local climate changes. Therefore, in this work the goal was to estimate the trends and return periods of the average annual daily extreme precipitation (AADEP; 95th percentile, P95) in the June-September season in the core North American monsoon. To do this, daily precipitation data from 1961 to 2000 from 48 climate computing (CLICOM) weather stations located in the core of the North American monsoon were used to determine AADEP:1. Non-parametric trends with Mann-Kendall tests and Sen's slope estimator. 2. Linear trends of annual averages of 95 (P95) and 99 (P99) percentiles with the least squares method. 3. Return periods with the Gumbel frequency distribution function. The results disclose a significant upward trend in the intensity of P95 increases in mountain stations, which may be related to a greater contribution of precipitation associated with TCs. The seasonal contribution of P95 in coastal stations and the total monsoon precipitation did not show statistical significance at α = 0.05. The return periods of P95 associated and not associated with TC's from 2005 to 2500 were calculated. Return periods of P99 have been rising since 2010 and will continue to 2500. For P95 events associated with TCs, the anomalies are expressed with synoptic conditions of simultaneous positive anomalies in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (+PDO), negative anomalies in the

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Trends and Return Periods of Daily Extreme Precipitation Associated with Tropical Cyclones in the Core North American Monsoon

Cárdenas¹,

Norzagaray-Campos²,

Sevilla³

et al. 2016

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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“…Thus pasture management for continues livestock in the basin has generated soil compaction, changes in the physical, chemical and biological processes affecting the runoff and the consequent loss of structural stability which increases vulnerability to erosion and mass removals (Buytaert et al 2006). For Andean pasture soils erosion has been estimated by 0.04 t/ha/month (Otero et al 2011).…”

Section: Human Activities and Water Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Productive Activities on the Water Quality for Human Consumption in an Andean Basin, a Case Study

Ruiz

Idrobo

Sarmiento

et al. 2017

Rev. Int. Contam. Ambie.

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Productive activities such as agriculture and livestock have transformed the Andean basins in South America. In accordance with this statement, the objective of this study was to assess the water quality of "Las Piedras" river located in an Andean basin with 6626 ha in Colombian Highlands. This study analyzed nutrient inputs from agricultural production, spatial crops distribution, human activities and their influence on the ecological state of the river. The evaluation integrated physicochemical and biological parameters in the indexes of water quality, pollution and the aquatic macroinvertebrates community. Results showed that aggregated crop fields occupy 25.2 % in the basin and the biological water quality through the Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) index denotes the presence of tolerant-pollution organisms, additionally the biodiversity was low (Shannon H´1.1). The water quality in the river satisfies the Colombian regulation criteria for human consumption, even higher concentrations of nutrients in the lower area with 2.20 mg/L nitrates and 1.49 mg/L of phosphates, besides the loss of nutrients by runoff, which was 2.57 mg/L nitrates in the middle area and 0.18 mg/L phosphates in the upper area. In this sense, the nutrient concentration input increases toward the lower area of the basin because of the crop distribution. The agricultural land use modified the hydrological ecosystem services by decreasing the basin water regulatory capacity and nutrients input to the main stream.Palabras clave: contaminación hídrica, agricultura, distribución espacial de los cultivos, biodiversidad, agua potable RESUMENLas actividades productivas como la agricultura y la ganadería han transformado las cuencas andinas de América del Sur. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la calidad del agua en la cuenca del río Las Piedras (6626 ha), localizada en la alta montaña colombiana. Se analizaron los aportes de nutrientes a partir de la producción agrícola, distribución espacial de cultivos, actividades humanas y su influencia en el estado ecológico del río. La evaluación integró los parámetros físicos, químicos y biológicos en índices de calidad del agua, de contaminación y de macroinvertebrados acuáticos. Los resultados mostraron que los cultivos ocupan el 25.2 % de la cuenca, la calidad biológica del agua según el 362índice del Grupo de Trabajo de Monitoreo Biológico (BMWP, por sus siglas en inglés) evidenció la presencia de organismos tolerantes a la contaminación y baja biodiversidad (Shannon H' 1.1). La calidad del agua es apta para consumo humano según los estándares establecidos por la normatividad Colombiana. Sin embargo, se encontraron altas concentraciones de nutrientes en la zona baja del río con 2.20 mg/L de nitratos y 1.49 mg/L de fosfatos, adicionalmente los aportes de nutrientes en escorrentía superficial fueron de 2.57 mg/L de nitratos en la zona media y 0.18 mg/L de fosfatos en la zona alta. En este sentido, se observó que el ingreso de nutrientes aumenta hacia la zona baja de la cuenca deb...

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“…However, prescribed burning in peatlands has been used 74 as a management tool in many areas (e.g. Buytaert et al, 2006;Holden et al, 2007). These managed 75 burns tend to operate at cooler temperatures than wildfires and are less intense (Tucker, 2003).…”

Section: Introduction 72mentioning

confidence: 99%

The impacts of prescribed moorland burning on water colour and dissolved organic carbon: A critical synthesis

Holden

Chapman

Palmer

et al. 2012

Journal of Environmental Management

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33Discolouration of natural surface waters due to the humic component of dissolved organic carbon 34 (DOC) is a costly problem for water supply companies. This paper reviews what is known about 35 the impacts of prescribed moorland vegetation burning on water colour. Relevant research has taken 36 place at three scales: laboratory experiments on peat cores, plot scale sampling of soil waters and 37 catchment scale sampling of stream waters. While laboratory studies suggest burning increases 38 colour production, the evidence from catchment and plot studies is contradictory. Plot studies 39 suggest colour production may decrease or remain unchanged following burning although there is 40 evidence for some transient changes. Catchment studies suggest prescribed moorland burning 41 causes stream water colour to increase, although in most cases the evidence is not clear cut since 42 most studies could not clearly disentangle the effects of burning from those of vegetation cover. The 43 differences in findings between plot and catchment studies may be explained by: i) the short-term 44 nature of some studies which do not measure long-term response and recovery times to burning; ii) 45 the lack of colour measurements from shallow soil depths which contribute more to streamflow than 46 soil water from deeper in the peat; and iii) the possibility of hydrological interactions occurring 47

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Human impact on the hydrology of the Andean páramos

Cited by 482 publications

References 86 publications

Estimating Trends and Return Periods of Daily Extreme Precipitation Associated with Tropical Cyclones in the Core North American Monsoon

Estimating Trends and Return Periods of Daily Extreme Precipitation Associated with Tropical Cyclones in the Core North American Monsoon

Effects of Productive Activities on the Water Quality for Human Consumption in an Andean Basin, a Case Study

The impacts of prescribed moorland burning on water colour and dissolved organic carbon: A critical synthesis

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