Human Impact on Landscape Patterning: Mediterranean Examples

Lepart, Jacques; Debussche, Max

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2804-2_4

Cited by 62 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 33 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the remaining open habitats, areas of sparse herbaceous vegetation have been reduced to about 25% of the surface occupied in 1971, as a result of colonisation by grasses and low-growing woody species, a consequence of sheep grazing abandonment. The abandonment of coppicing since 1950 and grazing during the 1970s and the subsequent re-growth and colonisation of woody species has (Debussche et al 1987;Lepart and Debussche 1992).…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 98%

The impact of forest spread on a marginal population of a protected peony (Paeonia officinalis L.): the importance of conserving the habitat mosaic

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the Mediterranean region of Europe, land-use changes have allowed for rapid colonisation of open habitats by woody species. As a result, it is critical to gather information on how protected species in open habitats respond to forest spread in such areas. Our objective is to quantify whether spatial heterogeneity of the vegetation associated with recent forest closure influences demographic structure and maternal fertility in a population of the protected Paeonia officinalis L. In closed woodland, adult plants of P. officinalis are almost exclusively vegetative, in open habitats seedlings are rare and on the woodland edge there is a relative over-representation of flowering plants and seedlings. Forest closure dramatically reduces flowering frequency, but has no significant effect on maternal fertility of flowering plants. The spatial aggregation of seedlings close to the maternal plants suggests that dispersal is spatially restricted. Together, these results suggest that the viability of the population requires a transitional habitat between open garrigues or grassland with spaced trees and woodland. A management programme incorporating tree and shrub thinning and cutting of parcels in rotation to maximise the length of the forest edge could maintain a habitat mosaic that favours the persistence of this species in the study site.

show abstract

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 98%

The impact of forest spread on a marginal population of a protected peony (Paeonia officinalis L.): the importance of conserving the habitat mosaic

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Non-native freshwater fish have been frequently documented to succeed in degraded aquatic habitats [69][70][71][72]. This is more likely to occur in higher stream orders, as within the southern Mediterranean region, human settlements occur primarily in lowland regions where landscape attributes are more favorable for urban and agriculture development [73], and thus the impact of pollution is usually greater in higher order streams. Disturbed systems and communities may facilitate biological invasions due to the redistribution of space and energy resources, thus opening a "resource gap" for potential invaders [74,75].…”

Section: Patterns and Drivers Of Spatial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Does an Invasive Cyprinid Benefit from the Hydrological Disturbance of Mediterranean Temporary Streams?

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The Iberian Peninsula has been subjected to numerous fish introductions and the colonization of new areas by non-native species is constantly reported. However, there is a lack of knowledge about many aspects of the bio-ecology of these species and their invasive success within the environmental context of Mediterranean temporary rivers. This study aimed to address the following questions: (i) what are the main regional and local environmental drivers influencing fish assemblages and differentiating native from non-native species, particularly A. alburnus?; (ii) what are the environmental and anthropogenic disturbance factors responsible for the occurrence and abundance of A. alburnus?; (iii) is there a pattern in the spatiotemporal distribution of A. alburnus size classes, along the tributaries of reservoirs where the species occurs? Data on fish species, environmental variables, and anthropogenic disturbance were collected in 77 sites of the Guadiana and Sado river basins in the south of Portugal. Additionally, a seasonal sampling was performed along an upstream-downstream gradient of several tributaries from three reservoirs in these river basins. A multivariate analysis and a multi-model approach were used in data analyses. Native and non-native fish assemblages showed different environmental drivers and responses to anthropogenic disturbance levels, though A. alburnus has revealed similarities with native species. The occurrence of A. alburnus was mainly determined by hydrological and morphological disturbances driven by anthropogenic activities. Furthermore, this species apparently performed seasonal movements along the tributaries of several reservoirs, profiting from these lentic habitats as a stepping-stone for further invasions. This study highlighted the wide ecological plasticity of A. alburnus, as it benefits from the anthropogenic hydrological disturbance (induced by reservoirs), and is also able to cope with the natural hydrological disturbance (resulting from the intermittency of these streams), to guarantee and enhance its invasive success in Mediterranean intermittent streams. It also gives a sound contribution to understand the spread of A. alburnus in these vulnerable freshwater ecosystems, and to delineate management measures, namely by identifying critical points in the river network along with prioritizing river restoration measures that benefit native species.

show abstract

“…C'est au 19 éme siécle, á la suite de la révolution industrielle, que l'impact humain traditionnel commence á décliner dans beaucoup de régions du Bassin Méditerranéen. Ce déclin se traduit dans les iles Baleares, comme d'en d'autres régions d'Espagne, et en France (LEPART & DEBUSSCHE, 1992), par une progression rapide du couvert forestier, aussi bien des foréts de Pinus halepensis que des foréts de Quercus ilex (MAYOL, 1995). L'impact direct (consommation par les pores, défrichements) et indirect (coupe et incendie du couvert vegetal) des activités agro-sylvo-pastorales sur Cyclamen balearicum a certainement été important depuis l'installation de 1'homme, il y a 6.000 ans, jusqu'á ces derniéres décennies.…”

Section: Raretéunclassified

Ecology of an endemic insular species: <i>Cyclamen balearicum</i> Willk. In the Balearic Islands

Debussche¹,

Grandjanny²,

Debussche³

et al. 1997

Anal. Jard. Bot. Madr.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cyclamen balearicum Willk. ha sido estudiado en las Islas Baleares con dos objetivos principales: 1) describir y discutir su ecología, 2) discutir el tipo de especie rara que representa. La especie se encuentra en Ibiza. Cabrera, Menorca y Mallorca, aunque es mucho más frecuente en las dos últimas islas y abundante en la región montañosa del norte de Mallorca. No se ha encontrado en Formentera. La especie es capaz de crecer bajo una amplia gama de condiciones de precipitación y temperatura, puesto que se encuentra a lo largo de todo el gradiente altitudinal. Crece sobre rocas calcáreas y también, en Menorca, más raramente, sobre areniscas y esquistos. Se desarrolla principalmente en ambientes protegidos y sombreados orientados al norte, bajo la cubierta de árboles perennifohos, sobre suelos pedregosos. Quercus ilex L. y Pinus halepensis Mill, son las especies arbóreas, y Pistacia lentiscus L. la especie arbustiva, que dominan con más frecuencia en sus estaciones. Los criterios más comúnmente utilizados para definir los tipos de especies raras no se ajustan bien a la especie en la región, especialmente en lo que respecta a la especificidad de su habitat.Palabras clave: Primulaceae, Cyclamen balearicum. Islas Baleares, ecología, endemismo, especie rara. We studied Cyclamen balearicum Willk. in the Balearic Islands with the following two objectives: 1) to describe and discuss its ecology, 2) to discuss the type of rarity it represents. The species grows on Ibiza, Cabrera, Menorca and Mallorca; it is much more frequent on the latter two islands, and is abundant in the moutainous northern part of Mallorca. It is absent from Formentera. The species was found along the entire elevation gradient, thus experiencing a large range of rainfall and temperature conditions. It was encountered not only on limestone but also, occasionally on sandstone and schist in Menorca. Its local habitat is sheltered and shady, with a northern exposure, under a high cover of evergreen woody plants, with a stony soil. Quercus ilex L.

show abstract

Human Impact on Landscape Patterning: Mediterranean Examples

Cited by 62 publications

References 33 publications

The impact of forest spread on a marginal population of a protected peony (Paeonia officinalis L.): the importance of conserving the habitat mosaic

The impact of forest spread on a marginal population of a protected peony (Paeonia officinalis L.): the importance of conserving the habitat mosaic

How Does an Invasive Cyprinid Benefit from the Hydrological Disturbance of Mediterranean Temporary Streams?

Ecology of an endemic insular species: <i>Cyclamen balearicum</i> Willk. In the Balearic Islands

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About