Human immunodeficiency virus-infection induces major changes in high-density lipoprotein particle size distribution and composition: the effect of antiretroviral treatment and disease severity

Aragonès, Gerard; Beltrán‐Debón, Raúl; Rull, Anna; Rodríguez-Sanabria, Fernando; Fernández-Sender, Laura; Camps, Jordi; Joven, Jorge; Alonso-Villaverde, Carlos

doi:10.1515/cclm.2010.218

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, it has been previously reported that total HDL particle number is reduced during HIV infection (32)(33)(34). However, and in contrast with our present observations, it has been reported that the concentration of cholesterol in large HDL particles was unaltered in HIV-infected patients as compared with uninfected controls ( 32 ). Interruption of HAART was associated with a reduction in HDL particles of medium and small size ( 35 ), or only in HDL particles of medium size with no change in HDL particles of small size ( 36 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma cholesterol efflux capacity from human THP-1 macrophages is reduced in HIV-infected patients: impact of HAART

Khoury

Ghislain

Villard

et al. 2015

Journal of Lipid Research

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Coronary heart disease rates are expected to be higher as the human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) population ages. Controversy still exists as to whether HIV infection per se or its treatment increases the rate of coronary heart disease. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular events in HIV-infected patients ( 1, 2 ). However, in the Strategies for Managment of Antiretroviral Therapy (SMART) trial, the episodic use of HAART was associated with an increased risk of CVD when compared with continuous HAART use ( 3 ). It is now well-established that atherosclerosis Abstract The capacity of HDL to remove cholesterol from macrophages is inversely associated with the severity of angiographic coronary artery disease . The effect of human immunodefi ciency virus (HIV) infection or its treatment on the ability of HDL particles to stimulate cholesterol effl ux from human macrophages has never been studied. We evaluated the capacity of whole plasma and isolated HDL particles from HIV-infected subjects (n = 231) and uninfected controls (n = 200), as well as in a subset of 41 HIV subjects receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to mediate cholesterol effl ux from human macrophages. Plasma cholesterol effl ux capacity was reduced ( ؊ 12%; P = 0.001) in HIV patients as compared with controls. HIV infection reduced by 27% ( P < 0.05) the capacity of HDL subfractions to promote cholesterol effl ux from macrophages. We observed a reduced ABCA1-dependent effl ux capacity of plasma ( ؊ 27%; P < 0.0001) from HIV-infected subjects as a result of a reduction in the effl ux capacity of HDL3 particles. HAART administration restored the capacity of plasma from HIV patients to stimulate cholesterol effl ux from human macrophages (9.4%; P = 0.04). During HIV infection, the capacity of whole plasma to remove cholesterol from macrophages is reduced, thus potentially contributing to the increased coronary heart disease in the HIV population. HAART administration restored the removal of cholesterol from macrophages by increasing HDL functionality. -El Khoury, P., M. Ghislain,

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma cholesterol efflux capacity from human THP-1 macrophages is reduced in HIV-infected patients: impact of HAART

Khoury

Ghislain

Villard

et al. 2015

Journal of Lipid Research

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“… CD4+ T-lymphocytes (CD4) count in the peripheral blood is an essential tool for the laboratory monitoring of HIV-infected patients, both for the progression of disease and for the assessment of the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) [1,2] , but, worldwide, its application was limited due to the expense of equipment and reagents involved. Therefore, it is desirable to find a cheap and effective substitute for CD4 count for the monitoring of immune function of HIV-infected individuals [3] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Correlation analysis on total lymphocyte count and CD4 count in HIV-infected patients: A retrospective evaluation

Wang¹,

Shen²,

et al. 2011

J. Huazhong Univ. Sci. Technol. [Med. Sci.]

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CD4 count is the standard method for determining eligibility for highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and monitoring HIV/AIDS disease progression, but it is not widely available in resource-limited settings. This study examined the correlation between total lymphocyte count (TLC) and CD4 count of HIV-infected patients before and after HAART, and assessed the thresholds of TLC for making decisions about the initiation and for monitoring HAART. A retrospective study was performed, and 665 HIV-infected patients with TLC and CD4 count from four counties (Shangcai, Queshan, Shenqiu and Weishi) were included in the study. Pearson correlation and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used. TLC and CD4 count after HAART was significantly increased as compared with pre-HAART (P<0.01). An overall positive correlation was noted between TLC and CD4 count (pre-HAART, r=0.73, P=0.0001; follow-up HAART, r=0.56, P=0.0001). The ROC curve between TLC and CD4 count showed that TLC ≤ 1200 cells/mm(3) could predict CD4 < 200 cells/mm(3) with a sensitivity of 71.12%, specificity of 66.35% at pre-HAART. After 12-month HAART, the optimum prediction for CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 was a TLC ≤ 1300 cells/mm(3), with a sensitivity of 63.27%, and a specificity of 74.84%. Further finding indicated that TLC change was positively correlated to CD4 change (r=0.77, P=0.0001) at the time point of 12-month treatment, and the best prediction point of TLC change for CD4 increasing was 135 cells/mm(3). TLC and its change can be used as a surrogate marker for CD4 count and its change of HIV-infected individuals for making decisions about the initiation and for monitoring HAART in resource-limited settings.

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“…Consistent with this, the data of Aragones et al showed greater heterogeneity in HIV HDL and increased CE in the larger HDL subfractions. 25 Two observations suggest that increased lipoprotein heterogeneity is due impaired lipoprotein hydrolysis. First, the SEC profiles (Figure 4) showed that all HIV/ART lipoproteins elute earlier than their NL control counterparts; second, these data also show that unlike control TLP, HIV/ART TLP contains a prominent peak for IDL (Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Lipoprotein Processing in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy

Gillard

Raya

Ruiz-Esponda

et al. 2013

ATVB

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Objective HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy (HIV/ART) exhibit a unique atherogenic dyslipidemic profile with hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) and low plasma concentrations of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). In the Heart Positive Study of HIV/ART patients, a hypolipidemic therapy of fenofibrate, niacin, diet, and exercise reduced HTG and plasma non-HDL-C concentrations and raised plasma HDL-C and adiponectin concentrations. We tested the hypothesis that HIV/ART HDL have abnormal structures and properties and are dysfunctional. Approach and Results Hypolipidemic therapy reduced the TG contents of LDL and HDL. At baseline, HIV/ART low density lipoproteins (LDL) were more triglyceride (TG)-rich and HDL were more TG- and cholesteryl ester (CE)-rich than the corresponding lipoproteins from normolipidemic (NL) subjects. Very low density lipoproteins, LDL and HDL were larger than the corresponding lipoproteins from NL subjects; HIV/ART HDL were less stable than NL HDL. HDL-[3H]CE uptake by Huh7 hepatocytes was used to assess HDL functionality. HIV/ART plasma were found to contain significantly less competitive inhibition activity for hepatocyte HDL-CE uptake than did NL plasma (p<0.001). Conclusion Compared to NL subjects, lipoproteins from HIV/ART patients are larger and more neutral lipid-rich, and their HDL are less stable and less receptor-competent. Based on this work and previous studies of lipase activity in HIV, we present a model in which plasma lipolytic activities and/or hepatic CE uptake are impaired in HIV/ART patients. These findings provide a rationale to determine whether the distinctive lipoprotein structure, properties and function of HIV/ART HDL predict atherosclerosis as assessed by carotid artery intimal medial thickness.

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Human immunodeficiency virus-infection induces major changes in high-density lipoprotein particle size distribution and composition: the effect of antiretroviral treatment and disease severity

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Plasma cholesterol efflux capacity from human THP-1 macrophages is reduced in HIV-infected patients: impact of HAART

Plasma cholesterol efflux capacity from human THP-1 macrophages is reduced in HIV-infected patients: impact of HAART

Correlation analysis on total lymphocyte count and CD4 count in HIV-infected patients: A retrospective evaluation

Impaired Lipoprotein Processing in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy

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