Human immunodeficiency virus–associated polymyositis: A longitudinal study of outcome

Johnson, Randall W.; Williams, Francis M.; Kazi, Salahuddin; Dimachkie, Mazen M.; Reveille, John D.

doi:10.1002/art.11002

Cited by 94 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…12 The literature evidence shows that the prevalence of polymyositis in association with HIV ranges between 2-7%. 13 Another prevalence study from India, conducted by Narayanan et al, involving 704 HIV subjects has reported that there were only two cases of HIV-associated arthritis and six cases of seronegative arthritis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of rheumatic manifestations in HIV patients: A cross-sectional study from Manipur, India

Naorem

Arvind

Bimol

et al. 2017

IJRCI

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of rheumatic manifestations in HIV patients: A cross-sectional study from Manipur, India

Naorem

Arvind

Bimol

et al. 2017

IJRCI

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“…A case of polymyositis in a patient coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus did not find either virus in muscle examination using PCR (188). Muscular disease may occur anytime during HIV infection, including during acute infection or during late-stage disease (118). Diagnosis is often by exclusion; other causes of myopathy that are common among HIV-infected patients must be excluded, such as medications (e.g., zidovudine and didanosine), opportunistic infections, and wasting syndromes with muscle weakness (37,118).…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscular disease may occur anytime during HIV infection, including during acute infection or during late-stage disease (118). Diagnosis is often by exclusion; other causes of myopathy that are common among HIV-infected patients must be excluded, such as medications (e.g., zidovudine and didanosine), opportunistic infections, and wasting syndromes with muscle weakness (37,118). Management of cases involves supportive care, including anti-inflammatory medications; one review showed that immunosuppressive agents (e.g., corticosteroids, azathioprine, and methotrexate) may be useful (118).…”

Section: Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial, Fungal, Parasitic, and Viral Myositis

2008

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SUMMARY Infectious myositis may be caused by a broad range of bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral agents. Infectious myositis is overall uncommon given the relative resistance of the musculature to infection. For example, inciting events, including trauma, surgery, or the presence of foreign bodies or devitalized tissue, are often present in cases of bacterial myositis. Bacterial causes are categorized by clinical presentation, anatomic location, and causative organisms into the categories of pyomyositis, psoas abscess, Staphylococcus aureus myositis, group A streptococcal necrotizing myositis, group B streptococcal myositis, clostridial gas gangrene, and nonclostridial myositis. Fungal myositis is rare and usually occurs among immunocompromised hosts. Parasitic myositis is most commonly a result of trichinosis or cystericercosis, but other protozoa or helminths may be involved. A parasitic cause of myositis is suggested by the travel history and presence of eosinophilia. Viruses may cause diffuse muscle involvement with clinical manifestations, such as benign acute myositis (most commonly due to influenza virus), pleurodynia (coxsackievirus B), acute rhabdomyolysis, or an immune-mediated polymyositis. The diagnosis of myositis is suggested by the clinical picture and radiologic imaging, and the etiologic agent is confirmed by microbiologic or serologic testing. Therapy is based on the clinical presentation and the underlying pathogen.

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“…A number of common viral infections have been associated with myositis with CK elevation, including human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1, 20 human immunodeficiency virus, 21 cytomegalovirus, 22 influenza, 23 hepatitis E, 24 hepatitis C 25 and Coxsackie B. 26 More relevant to our study, both YF 17D vaccine associated viscerotropic adverse events, 17 and natural infection with WN virus 27 have been associated with rhabdomyolysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Exercise-Induced Serum Enzyme Elevations Confounding the Evaluation of Investigational Drug Toxicity: Report of Two Cases in a Vaccine Trial

Johnson¹,

Monath²,

Kanesa-thasan³

et al. 2005

Human Vaccines

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Two subjects developed marked elevations in creatine kinase and other serum enzymes associated with mild myalgia during a randomized, double-blind, controlled Phase 1 clinical trial of an investigational live, attenuated vaccine against West Nile virus (ChimeriVax™-WN02). One subject had received ChimeriVax™-WN02 while the other subject was enrolled in an active control group and received licensed yellow fever 17D vaccine (YF-VAX ® ). Subsequently, the clinical trial was interrupted, and an investigation was begun to evaluate the enzyme abnormalities. As daily serum samples were collected for determination of quantitative viremia, it was possible to define the enzyme elevations with precision and to relate these elevations to physical activity of the subjects, symptoms, and virological and serological measurements. Evaluation of both subjects clearly showed that skeletal muscle injury, and not cardiac or hepatic dysfunction, was responsible for the biochemical abnormalities. This investigation also implicated strenuous exercise as the cause of the apparent muscle injury rather than the study vaccines. As a result of this experience, subjects engaged in future early-stage trials of these live, attenuated viral vaccines will be advised not to engage in contact sports or new or enhanced exercise regimens for which they are not trained or conditioned. The inclusion of placebo control arm (in lieu of or addition to an active vaccine control) will also be useful in differentiating causally related serum enzyme elevations.

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Human immunodeficiency virus–associated polymyositis: A longitudinal study of outcome

Cited by 94 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of rheumatic manifestations in HIV patients: A cross-sectional study from Manipur, India

Prevalence of rheumatic manifestations in HIV patients: A cross-sectional study from Manipur, India

Bacterial, Fungal, Parasitic, and Viral Myositis

Exercise-Induced Serum Enzyme Elevations Confounding the Evaluation of Investigational Drug Toxicity: Report of Two Cases in a Vaccine Trial

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