Human Herpesvirus 6B Greatly Increases Risk of Depression by Activating Hypothalamic-Pituitary -Adrenal Axis during Latent Phase of Infection

Kobayashi, Nobuyuki; Oka, Naoki; Takáhashi, Mayumí; Shimada, Kenichi; Ishii, Azusa; Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka; Shigeta, Masahiro; Yanagisawa, Hiroyuki; Kondo, Kazuhiro

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2020.101187

Cited by 29 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A recent study suggested that salivary HHV-6 DNA is associated with the decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and the development of depression through the olfactory bulb apoptosis. 7 In this study, however, no patient developed depression despite the high incidence of high-level salivary HHV-6 DNA. Our data did not support the hypothesis that salivary HHV-6 DNA has a role in the development of depression in the setting of allogeneic HSCT.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

“…6 A recent study suggested that salivary HHV-6 DNA is associated with the decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and the development of depression through the olfactory bulb apoptosis. 7 These findings raise the possibility that salivary HHV-6 has pathogenic roles in the development of oral mucosal chronic GVHD, depression, and neurological diseases in allogeneic HSCT recipients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics and clinical significance of human herpesvirus 6 DNA shedding in saliva after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Ogata

Kawano

Satou

et al. 2020

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Background:Little is known about the kinetics and clinical significance of saliva human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) DNA after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Methods:In this observational study, we quantified HHV-6 DNA in serially collected plasma and saliva from allogeneic HSCT recipients. Associations between the status of salivary HHV-6 DNA and the development of HHV-6 encephalitis, depression, and oral mucosal graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) were retrospectively analyzed.Results: A total of 787 plasma and 434 saliva samples were collected from 56 patients. The cumulative incidence of HHV-6 DNA in plasma and saliva at 60 days after transplantation was 51.8% and 83.9%, respectively. The peak level of salivary HHV-6 DNA was significantly higher in patients who displayed plasma HHV-6 DNA than in those who did not (median, 51,584 copies/mL vs 587 copies/mL; P < .0001). Salivary HHV-6 DNA levels increased after positive plasma HHV-6 DNA was detected and remained high during observation period. Despite the frequent occurrence of positive salivary HHV-6 DNA, no patient developed depression. Positivity of salivary HHV-6 DNA was not significantly associated with the development of HHV-6 encephalitis (P = 1.00, Fisher's exact test) or oral mucosal GVHD (P = .71, Grey's test). No significant relationship between salivary HHV-6 DNA and these diseases was found even when comparing higher HHV-6 DNA loads in saliva. Conclusion:Salivary HHV-6 DNA levels increased after HHV-6 DNA was detected in the blood. However, no epidemiological evidence was shown to support a role of salivary HHV-6 in the development of HHV-6 encephalitis, depression, and oral mucosal GVHD.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and clinical significance of human herpesvirus 6 DNA shedding in saliva after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Ogata

Kawano

Satou

et al. 2020

Transplant Infectious Dis

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“…In their seminal stage model, Lazarus and Folkman ( 1984 ) suggest that individuals first appraise a given stressor as harmful, threatening, or challenging, and then evaluate whether sufficient resources are available to cope with the situation, which in turn determines the level of distress they are experiencing (Cohen et al 2016 ; Krohne 2001 ). In this sequential view of the stress process, maladaptive appraisals and coping mechanisms are crucial factors in explaining the link between psychopathology and stress (Kobayashi et al 2020 ). Therefore, understanding mechanisms and behaviors that affect appraisal and coping is pivotal in the prevention of mental health issues and the promotion of global mental health (Jenkins 2019 ; Kirmayer and Pedersen 2014 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

From Stress to Psychopathology: Relationship with Self-Reassurance and Self-Criticism in Czech University Students

Kotera

Dosedlová

Andrzejewski

et al. 2021

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Psychological stress has become a major concern, potentially leading to diverse health problems including psychopathology such as depression and anxiety. Transactional Model of Stress and Coping is an established model, conceptualizing stressful experiences via person–environment relationship. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the pathway from stress to depression/anxiety, with a focus on self-criticism (inadequate-self and hated-self) and self-reassurance (reassured-self) in Czech students who suffered from high prevalence of mental health problems. Convenience sample of 119 undergraduates completed the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 and the Forms of the Self-Criticizing/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale. Correlation and path analyses were conducted. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines were used to aid an accurate and complete report of the study. Depression, anxiety, and stress were positively associated with inadequate-self and hated-self while negatively associated with reassured-self. Both inadequate-self and hated-self partially mediated the stress–depression and stress–anxiety relationships, whereas reassured-self only partially mediated the stress–depression relationship. Inadequate-self had greater impact on the stress–depression/anxiety pathways than hated-self and reassured-self. Findings indicate that clinical treatment may benefit from targeting the feelings of inadequacy to prevent stress progressing to psychopathology. This is particularly relevant as stress levels are rising globally. Our findings offer developments to the Transactional Model, and help practitioners and educators identify solutions to protect mental health of Czech university students.

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“…Since the discovery of human beta-herpesviruses and their ability to persist lifelong in their hosts, augmented interest in the possible role of the virus in development of neurodegenerative and mood diseases has been shown [ 6 , 15 , 16 , 47 ]. Our study used autopsy materials of frontal and temporal cortical and subcortical areas of 48 individuals with and without (controls) diagnosis of unspecified encephalopathy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During persistent viral infection, clinical manifestations may frequently not even appear. However, the putative long term influence is associated with the central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as encephalitis, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and has a role in tumorigenesis and mood disorders [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Herpesvirus-6 and -7 in the Brain Microenvironment of Persons with Neurological Pathology and Healthy People

Skuja

Svirskis

Murovska

2021

IJMS

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During persistent human beta-herpesvirus (HHV) infection, clinical manifestations may not appear. However, the lifelong influence of HHV is often associated with pathological changes in the central nervous system. Herein, we evaluated possible associations between immunoexpression of HHV-6, -7, and cellular immune response across different brain regions. The study aimed to explore HHV-6, -7 infection within the cortical lobes in cases of unspecified encephalopathy (UEP) and nonpathological conditions. We confirmed the presence of viral DNA by nPCR and viral antigens by immunohistochemistry. Overall, we have shown a significant increase (p < 0.001) of HHV antigen expression, especially HHV-7 in the temporal gray matter. Although HHV-infected neurons were found notably in the case of HHV-7, our observations suggest that higher (p < 0.001) cell tropism is associated with glial and endothelial cells in both UEP group and controls. HHV-6, predominantly detected in oligodendrocytes (p < 0.001), and HHV-7, predominantly detected in both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes (p < 0.001), exhibit varying effects on neural homeostasis. This indicates a high number (p < 0.001) of activated microglia observed in the temporal lobe in the UEP group. The question remains of whether human HHV contributes to neurological diseases or are markers for some aspect of the disease process.

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Human Herpesvirus 6B Greatly Increases Risk of Depression by Activating Hypothalamic-Pituitary -Adrenal Axis during Latent Phase of Infection

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Kinetics and clinical significance of human herpesvirus 6 DNA shedding in saliva after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Kinetics and clinical significance of human herpesvirus 6 DNA shedding in saliva after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

From Stress to Psychopathology: Relationship with Self-Reassurance and Self-Criticism in Czech University Students

Human Herpesvirus-6 and -7 in the Brain Microenvironment of Persons with Neurological Pathology and Healthy People

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