Human health risks in megacities due to air pollution

Gurjar, Bhola R.; Jain, Ayush; Sharma, Anita; Agarwal, Amit; Gupta, Pawan; Nagpure, Ajay Singh; Lelieveld, Jos

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.08.011

Cited by 344 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Road vehicles are one of the major sources of outdoor air pollution in cities (Gurjar et al 2010;Kumar et al 2013;Molina et al 2004). At present, air pollution concentrations are collected by environmental or government authorities using networks of fixed monitoring stations, equipped with instruments specialised for measuring a number of pollutants, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ) and particulate matter (PM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rise of low-cost sensing for managing air pollution in cities

Kumar

Morawska

Martani

et al. 2015

Environment International

731

447

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rise of low-cost sensing for managing air pollution in cities

Kumar

Morawska

Martani

et al. 2015

Environment International

731

447

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“…This particulate air pollution is assumed to originate from fossil fuel and biomass burning. Especially in mega-cities such as New Delhi, air pollution is a major health issue, causing as much as 3500 excess cases of cardiovascular mortality (Gurjar et al, 2010) per year. Even in the remote Himalayan areas, spring time particulate matter concentrations exceed the standard values set by the WHO .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the summer monsoon on aerosols at two measurement stations in Northern India – Part 1: PM and BC concentrations

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Particulate matter (PM) and equivalent black carbon (BCe) concentrations were measured at two locations in northern India during [2006][2007][2008][2009][2010]. The first measurement station was a background site in Mukteshwar, about 350 km northeast of New Delhi, in the foothills of the Indian Himalayas. The second measurement site was located in Gual Pahari, about 25 km south of New Delhi. Here we focused on resolving the effects of the Indian summer monsoon on the particulate matter and equivalent black carbon concentrations at two stations. The average monsoon time concentrations were decreased by 55-70 % compared to the premonsoon average concentrations at both stations, decreasing as a function of the total local rainfall during the monsoon season. In Mukteshwar during the monsoon, the 24 h PM 2.5 concentrations were nearly always below the Indian National Air Quality Standard of 60 µg m −3 . In Gual Pahari, 13 % of days exceeded this level during the monsoon season. However, the 24 h guideline of 25 µg m −3 given by the World Health Organization was more difficult to meet. In addition to loss processes, aerosol concentrations during the early monsoon were found to be affected by primary emissions, most likely from dust events from the Thar Desert. This resulted in elevated fractions of the coarse mode, PM 2.5−10 at both stations. In Mukteshwar, additional dust contribution came from east of the station, from the Himalayan region. We also determined the characteristic transition times beCorrespondence to: A.-P. Hyvärinen (antti.hyvarinen@fmi.fi) tween the pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon. The onset and withdrawal transitions occurred faster in Mukteshwar than in Gual Pahari, both being typically less than 10 days. Transition periods in Gual Pahari took between 17 and 31 days. The shorter transition times in Mukteshwar were probably related to the more intense rains due to the mountain location, and the fact that the station was most of the time in the free troposphere.

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“…If the outdoor concentration of air pollutants is already high that could further deteriorate the IAQ. This is particularly true for Indian megacities such as Delhi where world's second highest levels of particulate matter (PM) have been reported [31][32][33]. Furthermore, a recent Asian emission inventory has reported that the household biomass burning contributes to about 53% of the total PM 2.5 emissions in India [34].…”

Section: Iaq -Is It As Important Issue As Outdoor Air Quality?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Air Quality: Current Status, Missing Links and Future Road Map for India

Goyal¹,

Khare²

2012

J Civil Environ Eng

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Study of indoor air quality (IAQ) has received attention of the researchers and policy makers over the last several years due to its affiliation with the adverse health effects and occupants' discomfort. This article focuses on the importance and need of IAQ studies in Indian rural and urban indoor environments. A number of questions in this context are posed and addressed, together with identifying the allied research gaps and missing links in the existing literature. Also discussed are the technical challenges to carry out the IAQ studies in India, and the initiatives and future road map required to overcome them.

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Human health risks in megacities due to air pollution

Cited by 344 publications

References 24 publications

The rise of low-cost sensing for managing air pollution in cities

The rise of low-cost sensing for managing air pollution in cities

Effect of the summer monsoon on aerosols at two measurement stations in Northern India – Part 1: PM and BC concentrations

Indoor Air Quality: Current Status, Missing Links and Future Road Map for India

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