Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in raw milk of buffalo feeding at wastewater-irrigated agricultural farms in Pakistan

Iqbal, Zafar; Abbas, Farhat; Ibrahim, Muhammad; Qureshi, Tahir Imran; Gul, Matin; Mahmood, Abid

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09256-4

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…At higher doses, anemia can occur (Afzal et al, 2014). Even if heavy metal concentrations (Cd, Cr and Ni) are below the permissible limits for industrial effluents discharge, these toxins present both acute and chronic toxicity problems for humans (Iqbal et al, 2020). Children are especially vulnerable to heavy metal poisoning due to the chronic/continued effects of long-term exposure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associated Health Risks from Heavy Metal-Laden Effluent into Point Drainage Channels in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Raza¹,

Qureshi²,

Imran³

et al. 2021

PJAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

G lobally, it has been recognized that water is one of the most important and critical natural resources to sustain life on this earth. Water composition is continuously changing due to natural and anthropogenic activities that ultimately cause environmental pollution (Yousaf et al., 2016). These pollutants include both chemical (Heavy metals, detergents, agrochemical residues, hydrocarbons etc.) and microbial (Bacteria, protozoa, virus, fungi etc.) pollutants from human and animal fecal waste which can be lethal to humans (Yi et al., 2011). Sedimentation of microorganisms into dissolved organic contents present in the wastewater through biological treatments considered the best approach to remove the microbial pollutants. It serves as that are substrates for the living organism present in the water Abstract | Industrial effluent discharge has increased due to rapid urbanization and industrialization. Irrational use of this water for irrigation has caused environmental and health issues. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the treated effluents of textile, ghee and chemical industries for major heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb and Fe) and other basic analysis (pH, EC, TSS and TDS). Effluent samples were collected from the discharge of industries entering into main wastewater collecting channel located in Faisalabad city. Heavy metals contents were determined via atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results showed that the highest pH (11.06) was recorded in textile effluent while EC (7.89mS/cm), TSS (1185.55mg/L) and TDS (6317.33mg/L) were found highest in chemical industrial effluents. Heavy metals contents were determined through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The mean comparison of heavy metal concentration (mg/L) showed the concentration of Cd, Cr and Ni were within the safe limits; however, Fe and Pb were higher than the safe limits in all industrial effluents. The highest/unsafe concentration of metal Fe was recorded 4.093, 2.979 and 2.959 mg/L in the effluents of chemical, textile and ghee mill respectively. While the highest/ unsafe concentration of metal Pb was recorded 0.643, 0.578 and 0.286 mg/L in the effluents of textile, chemical and ghee mill respectively. The permissible limits of heavy metals Fe and Pb is 0.5 and 2 mg/L respectively. We conclude that before discharge into a receiving stream, the effluents must be treated more time with a treatment method that removes Pb and Fe within standard limits else the discharge will pose pollution and health risks to human beings.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associated Health Risks from Heavy Metal-Laden Effluent into Point Drainage Channels in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Raza¹,

Qureshi²,

Imran³

et al. 2021

PJAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ISN 2707-2207 / ISSN 2707-2215 (en línea), enero-febrero, 2022, Volumen 6, Número 1. https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v6i1.1758 p 3633 suelo, mientras que níquel (Ni) y antimonio (Sb) presenta un nivel de contaminación moderada en las aguas superficiales que abastecen al ganado (Qi et al, 2020). Los complejos minero-metalúrgicos se consideran fuentes de plomo (Pb) esto debido a que afectan el suelo y los pastos de las zonas destinadas a la crianza de ganado vacuno, estudios desarrollados en Perú demostraron la presencia de concentraciones elevadas de plomo (Pb) en suelo, pasto y leche, esta última presentaba 29 veces más plomo (Pb) que el límite de seguridad establecido por la normativa europea (Chirinos et al, 2021), la concentraciones de plomo (Pb) resultaron significativamente altas en animales criados alrededor de fábricas de fundición de plomo-zinc, fundición de plomo, unidad de procesamiento de aluminio y planta de fabricación de acero (Swarup et al, 2005).Otro de los factores que influyen en el grado de contaminación está dado por el tipo sistema de producción, se reporta un mayor grado de contaminación por arsénico (As), niquel (Ni),cadmio (Cd), plomo (Pb) y aluminio (Al) en los sistemas de producción convencional en relación con el sistema de producción orgánico (Zwierzchowski & Ametaj, 2018), otro de los factores que influyen es la composición de la dieta, se reportan concentraciones elevadas de calcio (Ca), zin (Zn), hierro (Fe), magensio (Mg) y cobre (Cu) en el alimento suministrado a vacas lecheras (Pšenková et al, 2020), también se reporta que el uso de agua contaminada para producir forraje introduce elementos como cadmio (Cd), cromo (Cr), cobre (Cu), manganeso (Mn), niquel (Ni) y plomo (Pb) que son trasferidos a la leche cruda (Iqbal et al, 2020). Otra de las fuentes de contaminación, son aquellas de origen natural, se reportan estudios desarrollados en área dedicadas a la producción ganadera cerca de volcanes, donde se encontró que la vía de contaminación de estroncio (Sr) y talio (Tl) está dada por el forraje que ingiere el ganado (Numa Pompilio et al, 2021).…”

Section: Leiva Tafur Y Lopez Lapa…unclassified

Metales pesados en la producción ganadera lechera y riesgos a la salud humana

2022

Ciencia Latina

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

La presencia y distribución de metales pesados se ha generalizado a nivel mundial esto debido a que su tasa de transporte, distribución y bioacumulación es elevada, apoyada en el incremento de los procesos industriales, minero, el crecimiento de la agricultura, ganadería tecnifica, y problemas de contaminación, la incidencia de estos elementos se ha tornado ubica, convirtiéndose en un tema de preocupación mundial, su ingreso a los principales sistemas de producción tal es el caso de la ganadería y su existencia en los principales alimentos que consumen las personas, tal es el caso de la leche de vaca. El objetivo de la presente revisión radicó en la identificación y descripción de las principales fuentes de contaminación por metales pesados en la ganadería partiendo de las de origen antrópico, revisando las de origen natural y diversos aspectos de producción que influyen en el incremento de la contaminación, también se analizó la trasferencia de estos elementos hacia el animal, incidencias en la salud y productividad, seguido de la identificación de los principales metales pesados como arsénico (As), aluminio (Al), cobre (Cu), Hierro (Fe), mercurio (Hg), niquel (Ni), cadmio (Cd) y plomo (Pb), cuya presencia en la leche presentan un riesgo para la salud humana, lográndose reportar las principales concentraciones referenciales establecidas por las normas internacionales en leche para asegurar la salud alimentaria.

show abstract

“…Additionally, the dissolution and adsorption processes of heavy metals are influenced by several physicochemical parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, redox potential, organic and inorganic carbon contents and the presence of some anions and cations that can bind or co-precipitate the dissolved or suspended inorganic pollutants in the water phase [5]. The increasing needs to meet the food supply of growing population has put a lot of pressure on coastal and marine resources, therefore, the utilization of wastewater for the production of aquatic biota has created great harm to human through the food chain contamination [9,10]. Lagos Lagoon complex (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Pollution Status of Lagos Coastal Waters and Sediments, using Physicochemical Characteristics, Contamination Factor, Nemerow Pollution Index, Ecological Risk and Potential Ecological Risk Index

Ajani

Popoola

Oyatola

2021

IJECC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The heavy metals and physicochemical properties of Lagos coastal waters and sediments, Southwestern Nigeria were investigated in 5 stations (station 1-5), to determine their levels, distributions and pollution index. The observed ranges of physicochemical characteristics from the study area are: dissolved oxygen (DO): 2.15-11.3 mg/L; pH: 6-7.7; temperature (Temp): 28.05-29.25°C; biochemical oxygen demand (BOD): 1.6-110.1 mg/L; electrical conductivity (EC): 1.8-29.8 mS/cm; salinity (SAL): 0.02-2.05ppt; total dissolved solids (TDS): 211.8-1210.2 mg/L and total suspended solids (TSS): 12.13-117.95 mg/L. The analyzed physicochemical properties from all the stations are within the desired values for healthy marine ecosystems when compared with Federal ministry of environment (FMENV) Nigeria and World Health organization permissible limits (DO:>5 mg/L; pH:6.5-9; TEMP:<40°C; BOD: 50 mg/L; EC:900 mS/cm; TDS:1000mg/L and TSS:600 mg/L), with the exception of low DO at station 1 and station 5; and high BOD at; station 2 and station 3 respectively. The concentrations of heavy metals present in the water samples followed the sequence: Fe > Pb > Cu > Cr > Zn > Cd, and showed high values for Pb, Cd and Cr, relative to the standard permissible limits according to FMENV (Pb 0.001; Zn 50 mg/L; Cd < 0.0018; Cu 2-4 mg/L and Cr 0.02-2.0 mg/L). The calculated contamination factor (CF) in the sediment samples showed low-moderate contamination for the analyzed heavy metals (Cr, Zn, Cu and Pb), except for cadmium (Cd) that showed extremely severe contamination (CF > 6) values across the sampling stations. The calculated Nemerow pollution index (NPI) and ecological risk index (RI) showed heavily polluted (NPI > 10) values and very high ecological risk (RI > 380) values at Apapa (location 1), Iddo (location 2) and Makoko (location 3). The potential ecological risk factor (Eir) confirmed Cd as the highest polluted heavy metals (Eir >320), with the greatest potential threat to the marine ecosystems in the Lagos coastal waters. The study highlights the impacts of anthropogenic pollutions on the coastal ecosystems and human health.

show abstract

Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in raw milk of buffalo feeding at wastewater-irrigated agricultural farms in Pakistan

Cited by 24 publications

References 44 publications

Associated Health Risks from Heavy Metal-Laden Effluent into Point Drainage Channels in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Associated Health Risks from Heavy Metal-Laden Effluent into Point Drainage Channels in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Metales pesados en la producción ganadera lechera y riesgos a la salud humana

Evaluation of the Pollution Status of Lagos Coastal Waters and Sediments, using Physicochemical Characteristics, Contamination Factor, Nemerow Pollution Index, Ecological Risk and Potential Ecological Risk Index

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About