Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in New Calabar River

Uwah, E. I.; Nwoke, Ima B.; Inam, Edu; Udosen, Iboroakam Essien; Udosen, Essien D.

doi:10.1007/s00128-020-02921-x

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Hence, immediate remediation measures need to be taken to curb the trends. Uwah et al (2020) reported similar findings HI<1 in their study locations except for Agip, which was greater than 1. Moreover, Anka town revealed the lowest THI through ingestion for children, which is by far <1, showing that the higher values obtained in other locations were due to mining.…”

Section: Total Hazard Index (Thi)supporting

confidence: 73%

Heavy Metals Source Apportionment and Human Health Risk Assessment of Contaminated Soils of Zamfara State, Nigeria

Yahaya

Mahmud

Abdu

2022

Agro. Bali. Agric. J.

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Progressive illegal artisanal mining activities threaten public health without functional law enforcement on pollution control and proper management practices. This is not an exception of Zamfara State, Nigeria, where a large portion of the populace participates in artisanal mining. The study was conducted to assess the level of health risk associated with heavy metals contaminated soils of Zamfara state, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected from five mining locations (Abare, Bagega, Dareta, Sunke, and Tungar Kudaku) and Anka-town (control site) with no record of mining activities. In each place, bulked soil samples were collected from three sites (mining site, processing site, and village), and the concentration of six heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Ni) in all the samples were analyzed. The result of the principal component analysis and correlation analysis revealed that Pb, Zn, Cr, and Ni originated from the same source, i.e., anthropogenic/mining activities. While Fe and Cd originated from the geogenic processes because of their high abundance in the soil of the study area, as Anka-town (control site) also recorded high concentrations of Fe and Cd. Health risk assessments were carried out in two groups of population (adult and children) through three exposure pathways (i.e., ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation). The results showed that ingestion dominated dermal contact and inhalation pathways, and Fe is the riskiest metal while Cd and Ni have the lowest risk of exposure for daily intakes. The non-cancer hazard quotient (HQ) values were all recorded below 1. For the total hazard index (THI), all the adult's exposure pathways were negligible, while for children, only Bagega has ingestion of heavy metals exceeding one (1.10), indicating that non-cancer health risks for children exist. The other four mining locations, Abare, Sunke, Tunga, and Dareta, have values approaching one (i.e., 0.71, 0.60, 0.50, and 0.74, respectively). While for Anka town, which is the control site, it has a value far less than one (0.16). These indicate that all the study locations have the potential for children's health risk through ingesting food produced from contaminated soils. Therefore, there is an urgent need to apply remediation measures immediately to combat complications raised due to heavy metal contaminations.

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Section: Total Hazard Index (Thi)supporting

confidence: 73%

Heavy Metals Source Apportionment and Human Health Risk Assessment of Contaminated Soils of Zamfara State, Nigeria

Yahaya

Mahmud

Abdu

2022

Agro. Bali. Agric. J.

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“…Two (2) g of the powdered sample were taken in a beaker; 6 mL HNO 3 , 2 mL perchloric acid and 30 mL distilled water added and stirred. The beaker was heated, allowed to cool and the content filtered and made up to 50 mL with distilled water in a 50 mL volumetric flask [16].…”

Section: Digestion Of Fish Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to USEPA as well as Uwah et al, exposure assessment is the determination of the magnitude, frequency, duration and route of exposure with respect to particular chemical contaminants [20,16]. To assess human health risk of any chemical contaminant, risk assessment procedures, which involve a four-step process, were followed.…”

Section: Health Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Determination of Elements in Water, Fish and Sediment of Atabong River, Nigeria

Uwah¹,

Okon²,

Udosen³

et al. 2021

SJAC

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Water pollution is a serious environmental problem. It comprises of the damages done to the physical, chemical and biological properties of water due to anthropogenic activities. Such damages could have serious detrimental effects on the quality and suitability of the water and even the aquatic organisms in the water, for any use. In view of this, levels of Pb, Ni, Mn, Cr and Cd were evaluated in water, fish (Brycinus nurse) and sediment from Atabong River in Okobo, Nigeria, during the dry and wet seasons in order to ascertain the suitability of the water and fish for human use. Samples were digested according to standard methods and analysed using Unicam 939/935 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Physicochemical parameters were also quantified in the water samples using standard procedures. The results revealed variable levels of the investigated physicochemical parameters in the water samples from each of the sampling stations. For instance, dissolved oxygen (DO) ranged from 4.2 to 5.25 mg/L in the two seasons.

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“…Studies on the distribution and speciation of trace metals in sediment can provide information not only on the degree of pollution, but also on the actual environmental impact on metal bioavailability as well as their origin [1,6]. Trace metals are serious environmental problems in the marine environment and sediment is their ultimate sink [7,8]. These chemical pollutants are not biodegradable, so they can affect the environment adversely [9,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trace metals are serious environmental problems in the marine environment and sediment is their ultimate sink [7,8]. These chemical pollutants are not biodegradable, so they can affect the environment adversely [9,8]. In the aquatic system, heavy metals tend to accumulate in the bottom sediment and become concentrated in biota that fed on the sediment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of Trace Metals in Sediment of a Tropical River

Nwoke¹,

Uwah²,

Inam³

et al. 2022

JCSN

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Concentrations and speciation of Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd, As, Ni in sediment from New Calabar River, Nigeria were assayed. Concentrations of the trace metals were determined using UNICAM solar 969 AAS. Speciation was done using five steps sequential extractions. Results revealed that for wet and dry seasons, concentrations (mg/kg) of the metals in the sediment ranged from 1.1E-2±1.0E-3 for As to 5.17±0.04 for Ni and that majority of the metals were bound to the residual fraction (F5), while Cu was mostly bound to the exchangeable fraction (F1). Overall trend of speciation indicated that Cr was higher in F5 and lower in fraction bound to organic matter (F4). It also indicated that Cu was higher in F5 and lower in F4 and that Pb was higher in F1 and lower in F4; Ni higher in F5 and lower in F4. The study has indeed provided data and information on the pollution status of the river.

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Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in New Calabar River

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Heavy Metals Source Apportionment and Human Health Risk Assessment of Contaminated Soils of Zamfara State, Nigeria

Heavy Metals Source Apportionment and Human Health Risk Assessment of Contaminated Soils of Zamfara State, Nigeria

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric Determination of Elements in Water, Fish and Sediment of Atabong River, Nigeria

Speciation of Trace Metals in Sediment of a Tropical River

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