Human health implications from consuming eggs produced near a derelict metalliferous mine: a case study 

Treatment of mine water for the fast removal of zinc and lead by wood ash amended biochar

“…Where polluted mine water is present remediation is important not just to improve the quality of the water but also to improve the surrounding environment; mine impacted water can bioaccumulate in flora, fauna and soils adjacent to the mine impacted water. As a result improvements in water quality can also improve environmental quality in the area surrounding the watercourse 12 . Indirectly this improvement in water quality can improve usable farmland and restrict the intake of metals into plants, animals, and eventually humans.…”

“…As a result improvements in water quality can also improve environmental quality in the area surrounding the watercourse. 12 Indirectly this improvement in water quality can improve useable farmland and restrict the intake of metals into plants, animals, and eventually humans. Currently there are three basic methods of water remediation or improving water quality: (i) diversion of the water away from the mine so that metals are not leached into rivers and streams; (ii) active treatment of the polluted water e.g.…”

Identification and quantification of diffuse groundwater pollution in a mineralised watershed

“…21,22 The 20 hectares of the site include mine waste dumps of differing metal concentration levels (XRF measurements showed means of 1.53% Pb and 0.18% Zn at the upper part of the site, and 3.59% Pb and 0.33% Zn at the lower part of the site 23 ) and grain size depending on which periods of operation they were formed under. Studies have shown that metals such as Pb from the mine bioaccumulate in fauna, 5 and Zn has been ranked the second highest risk water pollutant in the UK out of 71 chemicals. 24 The 2.6 km Nant y Bai stream, with a 277 hectare catchment, flows through the mine waste dumps for the last 1.9 km of its reach.…”

Content of Toxic Elements (Arsenic, Cadmium, Mercury, Lead) in Eggs from an Ethically Managed Laying Hen Farm

“…For this reason, eggs from backyard hens are considered a good indicator of environmental contamination [13]. Several studies have shown that feed contaminated with toxic elements, such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead can determine the bioaccumulation in chicken tissues and eggs [3,4,[14][15][16][17]. As an example, a high content of lead has been detected in chickens' muscle, liver, kidneys, and eggs, particularly in industrialized regions [18], posing a potential threat to public health.…”