Human health impacts of exposure to phthalate plasticizers: An overview of reviews

Eales, Jacqualyn; Bethel, Alison; Galloway, Tamara S.; Hopkinson, Peter; Morrissey, Karyn; Short, Richard L.; Garside, Ruth

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106903

Cited by 152 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Other phthalate replacement biomarkers, such as MHiNCH, one of the metabolites of DINCH, are also capable of binding to PPARs, resulting in endocrine disruption and adipocyte cellular differentiation [59]. Epidemiologic studies have also demonstrated that exposure to phthalates can affect human health, observed as diminished reproductive function and higher pregnancy complications, increased risk of respiratory diseases, allergies, cardiometabolic diseases, and neurobehavioral disorders [60,61]. Variability in an individual's exposure to phthalates can result from changes in the use of personal care products, diet, or daily activities, and exposure may vary over time [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Urinary Phthalate and Phthalate Replacement Metabolite Concentrations with Serum Lipid Biomarker Levels among Pregnant Women Attending a Fertility Center

Mínguez-Alarcón

Williams

James‐Todd

et al. 2022

Toxics

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We examined whether urinary concentrations of phthalate and phthalate replacement metabolites were associated with lipid biomarker levels among pregnant women. This cross-sectional study included 175 women who enrolled in the Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study (2005–2017). We used linear regression models to assess the relationship between urinary phthalates and lipid biomarkers [triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol] levels while adjusting for confounders. Pregnant women in the highest quartile of urinary mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) had, overall, 14% [31 (95% CI = 6.56) mg/dL], 21% [33 (95% CI = 9.57) mg/dL] and 25% [30 (95% CI = 8.53) mg/dL] higher serum total, non-HDL and LDL cholesterol, respectively, compared to women in the lowest quartile of MECPP. Similar positive associations were found for urinary concentrations of other metabolites of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate. Pregnant women with urinary mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) in the highest quartile had higher triglycerides and non-HDL cholesterol compared to women with MBP in the lowest quartile. Women with detectable concentrations of two phthalate replacement metabolites had lower HDL cholesterol compared to women with non-detectable concentrations. Gestational urinary concentrations of certain phthalate and phthalate replacement metabolites were associated with lipid levels among these women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Urinary Phthalate and Phthalate Replacement Metabolite Concentrations with Serum Lipid Biomarker Levels among Pregnant Women Attending a Fertility Center

Mínguez-Alarcón

Williams

James‐Todd

et al. 2022

Toxics

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“…A previous review of reviews has demonstrated that there is evidence of a positive association between exposure to various phthalate metabolites and odds of preterm birth 25 . A review by Radke and colleagues showed strong evidence of this positive association, and also concluded that there was moderate evidence for a positive association between increased DEHP and DBP exposure and odds of preterm birth 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediation by hormone concentrations on the associations between repeated measures of phthalate mixture exposure and timing of delivery

Cathey

Aung

Watkins

et al. 2022

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Background: Phthalates are used in manufacturing of consumer products, resulting in ubiquitous human exposure to phthalate mixtures. Previous work has suggested that phthalates display endocrine disrupting capabilities, and exposure is associated with early delivery. Objective: To assess mediating effects of hormone concentrations on associations between phthalate mixtures and preterm birth (PTB). Methods: Repeated urinary phthalates and serum hormones were measured among 1011 women in the PROTECT Puerto Rico birth cohort from 2011–2019. We utilized ridge regression to create phthalate environmental risk scores (ERS), which represent weighted summaries of total phthalate exposure. Mediation analyses were conducted on a subset of 705 women. We additionally conducted fetal sex-specific analyses. Results: Free thyroxine (FT4) mediated 9.6% of the association between high molecular weight (HMW) ERS at 18 weeks and reduced gestational age at delivery (95%CI:1.07–29.9). Progesterone at 26 weeks mediated 21.1% and 16.2% of the association between HMW ERS at 18 and 22 weeks, and spontaneous PTB, respectively. Among male fetuses, corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) at 18 weeks mediated 28.2% of the association between low molecular weight ERS and spontaneous PTB. Significance: We provide introductory evidence of hormone disruption on the causal pathway between phthalate exposure and early delivery. We also show differences by fetal sex, but a larger sample size is necessary to validate our findings.

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“…Regulations in the US and the EU regarding the phthalates and their metabolites discussed in this study a . a Classification of phthalate metabolites and information on phthalate sources according to references (Katsikantami et al, 2016(Katsikantami et al, , 2020Trasande et al, 2013;Kasper-Sonnenberg et al, 2012;Koch et al, 2013;Cheon, 2020 Phthalates have long been suspected to act as endocrine and metabolic disruptors (Eales et al, 2021) with hormone-like properties and harmful effects on reproductive ability (Panagiotou et al, 2021). For example, experimental evidence suggests that neonatal exposure to Di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) leads to dysfunction of the male reproductive system (Lee et al, 2021).…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Phthalate Concentrations and Mortality Risk: A Population-Based Study

Beyer¹,

Schorgg²,

Karavasiloglou³

et al. 2022

SSRN Journal

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Human health impacts of exposure to phthalate plasticizers: An overview of reviews

Cited by 152 publications

References 70 publications

Association of Urinary Phthalate and Phthalate Replacement Metabolite Concentrations with Serum Lipid Biomarker Levels among Pregnant Women Attending a Fertility Center

Association of Urinary Phthalate and Phthalate Replacement Metabolite Concentrations with Serum Lipid Biomarker Levels among Pregnant Women Attending a Fertility Center

Mediation by hormone concentrations on the associations between repeated measures of phthalate mixture exposure and timing of delivery

Urinary Phthalate Concentrations and Mortality Risk: A Population-Based Study

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