Human Gut Microbiota Predicts Susceptibility to Vibrio cholerae Infection

Abstract

These findings support the hypothesis that abnormal gut microbial communities are a host factor related to V. cholerae susceptibility.

Predicting Vibrio cholerae infection and disease severity using metagenomics in a prospective cohort study

“…We performed metagenomic sequencing of the gut microbiome in 65 contacts of cholera cases from a cohort described by Midani et al . (15), from which sufficient DNA remained for shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Of these 65 contacts, referred to as the Midani 2018 cohort, 20 developed infection during the follow-up period, and 45 remained uninfected ( Figure 1 ).…”

“…To put the metagenomic predictions in context, we next compared their predictive power and accuracy to clinical and demographic factors ( Table S1 ). Three of these factors (age, baseline vibriocidal antibodies and blood group) are known to impact susceptibility to V. cholerae infection (6,15) ( Table S5 ). The likelihood of developing infection was not predicted well using a RF model trained on the 7 features clinical and demographic factors (AUC=0.60, not significantly different from shuffled labels, p =0.66; Figure 2 ).…”

“…After presentation of a V. cholerae culture-positive index case to the hospital on day 1, household contacts were enrolled on day 2. The expanded cohort includes the Midani 2018 cohort (15), with an addition of 33 samples from infected individuals (13 asymptomatic and 2 symptomatic).…”

“…Studies of V. cholerae and the gut microbiota often focus on a limited number of bacterial species or involve patients who already have symptomatic cholera (8,14). One study to date has characterized the gut microbiome of individuals exposed to V. cholerae to predict susceptibility to infection (15). In this study, Midani et al .…”

Post-infection irritable bowel syndrome in the tropical and subtropical regions: Vibrio cholerae is a new cause of this well-known condition

“…In a recent prospective household survey in Bangladesh, the authors found that abnormal gut microbial communities are host factors for susceptibility to V. cholerae infection. Susceptibility to cholera was associated with a decreased level of Bacteroides [64]. A study involving time-series metagenomic analysis of fecal samples collected during the acute diarrhea and recovery phases of cholera in a cohort of Bangladeshi adults found that recovery was characterized by a pattern of accumulation of bacterial taxa that showed similarities to the pattern of assembly/maturation of the gut microbiota in healthy Bangladeshi children [65].…”