Human Group A Streptococci Virulence Genes in Bovine Group C Streptococci

Rato, Márcia G.; Bexiga, Ricardo; Nunes, Sónia; Vilela, C. L.; Sanches, Ilda Santos

doi:10.3201/eid1601.090632

Cited by 18 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…The identification of the bovine mastitis S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae isolates was confirmed by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing as described previously (47). The 16S rRNA gene sequences of all human GCS/GGS isolates from the present study showed 99 to 100% identity to 16S rRNA gene sequences of S. dysgalactiae subsp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…A description of the bovine S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae GCS field strains (n ϭ 18), including typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), was reported previously (47). The typing of the human S. dysgalactiae subsp.…”

Section: Bacterial Isolates and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…dysgalactiae field isolates of Lancefield group C (GCS), one of the causative agents of bovine subclinical mastitis in dairy herds in Portugal, were used in the present study. Detailed information regarding these field isolates, including identification and molecular typing data, was described previously (47). In addition, six nonduplicated beta-hemolytic S. dysgalactiae subsp.…”

Section: Bacterial Isolates and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have previously reported the presence of GAS phage-carried virulence genes among alpha-hemolytic S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae isolates from bovine mastitis, namely, the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin genes speK, speC, speL, and speM; the phage DNase I gene spd1; and other genes encoding antimicrobial resistance determinants located on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) (47). So far, no more information is available regarding the presence of GAS virulence genes among S. dysgalactiae subsp.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Virulence Gene Pool Detected in Bovine Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae Isolates by Use of a Group A S. pyogenes Virulence Microarray

et al. 2011

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A custom-designed microarray containing 220 virulence genes of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus [GAS]) was used to test group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (GCS) field strains causing bovine mastitis and group C or group G Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (GCS/GGS) isolates from human infections, with the latter being used for comparative purposes, for the presence of virulence genes. All bovine and all human isolates carried a fraction of the 220 genes (23% and 39%, respectively). The virulence genes encoding streptolysin S, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, the plasminogen-binding M-like protein PAM, and the collagen-like protein SclB were detected in the majority of both bovine and human isolates (94 to 100%). Virulence factors, usually carried by human beta-hemolytic streptococcal pathogens, such as streptokinase, laminin-binding protein, and the C5a peptidase precursor, were detected in all human isolates but not in bovine isolates. Additionally, GAS bacteriophage-associated virulence genes encoding superantigens, DNase, and/or streptodornase were detected in bovine isolates (72%) but not in the human isolates. Determinants located in non-bacteriophage-related mobile elements, such as the gene encoding R28, were detected in all bovine and human isolates. Several virulence genes, including genes of bacteriophage origin, were shown to be expressed by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Phylogenetic analysis of superantigen gene sequences revealed a high level (>98%) of identity among genes of bovine GCS, of the horse pathogen Streptococcus equi subsp. equi, and of the human pathogen GAS. Our findings indicate that alphahemolytic bovine GCS, an important mastitis pathogen and considered to be a nonhuman pathogen, carries important virulence factors responsible for virulence and pathogenesis in humans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Bacterial Isolates and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bacterial Isolates and Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Virulence Gene Pool Detected in Bovine Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae Isolates by Use of a Group A S. pyogenes Virulence Microarray

et al. 2011

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“…Similar to group A streptococci, SDSE has also been linked to post-infectious sequelae such as glomerulonephritis and rheumatic fever (Takahashi et al, 2011). Although SDSE isolates remain susceptible to penicillin, different studies have reported an increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to non-b-lactam agents clinically employed for streptococcal infections, including tetracycline, clindamycin and erythromycin (Kim & Uh, 2004;Rato et al, 2010;Sunaoshi et al, 2010;Takahashi et al, 2011).It is well known that SDSE isolates can also be associated with equine and other animal diseases, including strangles, Abbreviations: MLST, multilocus sequence typing; SpP, sporadic pattern; SDSE, Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis; UPGMA, unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic averages.…”

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confidence: 99%

Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage

Silva

Genteluci

Mattos

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Gó es, RJ, Brazil Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) isolates are the most common group C streptococci in humans and reports of invasive infections associated with SDSE have been increasing. Molecular epidemiology studies are an important strategy to trace the emergence and spread of possible well-fit bacterial pathogens of humans and animals. In this work, we analysed the antimicrobial and clonal profiles of 115 SDSE infection and colonization isolates of human and equine origin. PFGE revealed the spread of two main clusters: clone A (57.4 %) and clone A (26.1 %). Remarkably, two isolates from clone B obtained from human colonization cases displayed identical PFGE patterns to those of three equine infection isolates. In addition, multilocus sequence typing allocated these isolates to ST129 (CC31). All of the SDSE isolates were susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin and chloramphenicol. Tetracycline and erythromycin resistance rates were 65.2 and 13.9 % respectively. Nevertheless, none of the isolates displaying sporadic PFGE patterns showed erythromycin resistance. The majority of erythromycin-resistant isolates from clone A had inducible resistance to macrolides, lincosamines and streptogramins B (iMLS B phenotype), which is associated with the presence of the ermA gene, whereas the resistant isolates from clone B showed the M phenotype, associated with the mefA gene. In conclusion, the data indicated that the analysed collection of SDSE isolates displayed a clonal structure and that the isolates found in human colonization cases could also be involved in equine infections. INTRODUCTIONStreptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (SDSE) has increasingly been recognized as the aetiological agent of several human invasive infections worldwide (Bruun et al., 2013;Sunaoshi et al., 2010;Takahashi et al., 2010Takahashi et al., , 2011Tsai et al., 2014). SDSE isolates are frequently classified as Lancefield group C or G. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that several commonly found group A streptococci virulence factors have also been detected in SDSE isolates, including C5a peptidase, M protein, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, hyaluronidase, streptokinase, streptolysin O and streptolysin S, amongst others (Reissmann et al., 2012;Sunaoshi et al., 2010;Suzuki et al., 2011;Watanabe et al., 2013). Consequently, human infections related to SDSE resemble those associated with group A streptococci . These infections include pharyngitis, septic arthritis, pneumonia, bacteraemia, endocarditis, meningitis, streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome, cellulitis and necrotizing fasciitis (Brandt & Spellerberg, 2009). Similar to group A streptococci, SDSE has also been linked to post-...

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Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae isolated from milk of the bovine udder as emerging pathogens: In vitro and in vivo infection of human cells and zebrafish as biological models

et al. 2018

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Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (SDSD) is a major cause of bovine mastitis and has been regarded as an animal-restricted pathogen, although rare infections have been described in humans. Previous studies revealed the presence of virulence genes encoded by phages of the human pathogen Group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) in SDSD isolated from the milk of bovine udder with mastitis. The isolates SDSD VSD5 and VSD13 could adhere and internalize human primary keratinocyte cells, suggesting a possible human infection potential of bovine isolates. In this work, the in vitro and in vivo potential of SDSD to internalize/adhere human cells of the respiratory track and zebrafish as biological models was evaluated. Our results showed that, in vitro, bovine SDSD strains could interact and internalize human respiratory cell lines and that this internalization was dependent on an active transport mechanism and that, in vivo, SDSD are able to cause invasive infections producing zebrafish morbidity and mortality. The infectious potential of these isolates showed to be isolate-specific and appeared to be independent of the presence or absence of GAS phage-encoded virulence genes. Although the infection ability of the bovine SDSD strains was not as strong as the human pathogenic S. pyogenes in the zebrafish model, results suggested that these SDSD isolates are able to interact with human cells and infect zebrafish, a vertebrate infectious model, emerging as pathogens with zoonotic capability.

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Human Group A Streptococci Virulence Genes in Bovine Group C Streptococci

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Virulence Gene Pool Detected in Bovine Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae Isolates by Use of a Group A S. pyogenes Virulence Microarray

Virulence Gene Pool Detected in Bovine Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae Isolates by Use of a Group A S. pyogenes Virulence Microarray

Group C Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis in south-east Brazil: genetic diversity, resistance profile and the first report of human and equine isolates belonging to the same multilocus sequence typing lineage

Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae isolated from milk of the bovine udder as emerging pathogens: In vitro and in vivo infection of human cells and zebrafish as biological models

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