Human genetic and immunological dissection of papillomavirus-driven diseases: new insights into their pathogenesis

Béziat, Vivien; Casanova, Jean‐Laurent; Jouanguy, Emmanuelle

doi:10.1016/j.coviro.2021.09.002

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Importantly, patients had samples collected before SARS-CoV-2 infection, and anti-IFN-α AAbs were detected in all cases, prior to infection, further suggesting that they are a cause, rather than a consequence, of severe viral infection. On the other hand, aIFN-α + patients were not at higher risk to suffer from warts and human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical lesions, as suggested by previous genetic studies on predisposition to HPV infection 27…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Lower disease activity but higher risk of severe COVID-19 and herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with pre-existing autoantibodies neutralising IFN-α

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesType-I interferons (IFNs-I) have potent antiviral effects. IFNs-I are also overproduced in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Autoantibodies (AAbs) neutralising IFN-α, IFN-β and/or IFN-ω subtypes are strong determinants of hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia, but their impact on inflammation remains unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed a monocentric longitudinal cohort of 609 patients with SLE. Serum AAbs against IFN-α were quantified by ELISA and functionally assessed by abolishment of Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell protection by IFN-α2 against vesicular stomatitis virus challenge. Serum-neutralising activity against IFN-α2, IFN-β and IFN-ω was also determined with a reporter luciferase activity assay. SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses were measured against wild-type spike antigen, while serum-neutralising activity was assessed against the SARS-CoV-2 historical strain and variants of concerns.ResultsNeutralising and non-neutralising anti-IFN-α antibodies are present at a frequency of 3.3% and 8.4%, respectively, in individuals with SLE. AAbs neutralising IFN-α, unlike non-neutralising AAbs, are associated with reduced IFN-α serum levels and a reduced likelihood to develop active disease. However, they predispose patients to an increased risk of herpes zoster and severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Severe COVID-19 pneumonia in patients with SLE is mostly associated with combined neutralisation of different IFNs-I. Finally, anti-IFN-α AAbs do not interfere with COVID-19 vaccine humoral immunogenicity.ConclusionThe production of non-neutralising and neutralising anti-IFN-I antibodies in SLE is likely to be a consequence of SLE-associated high IFN-I serum levels, with a beneficial effect on disease activity, yet a greater viral risk. This finding reinforces the recommendations for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in SLE.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…On the other hand, aIFN-α + patients were not at higher risk to suffer from warts and human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical lesions, as suggested by previous genetic studies on predisposition to HPV infection. 27…”

Section: Anti-ifn-α-neutralising Aabs Are Associated With Increased V...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower disease activity but higher risk of severe COVID-19 and herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with pre-existing autoantibodies neutralising IFN-α

et al. 2022

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“…In its typical form, the patients are normally resistant to other microbes. Biallelic null mutations of one of three genes account for at least 75% of cases ( Béziat et al., 2021a ). The products of these genes, EVER1, EVER2, and CIB1, form a complex in keratinocytes that probably mediates cell-intrinsic immunity to HPVs by interacting with E5 or E8, the virulence factors found in HPVs other than beta-HPVs ( de Jong et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Rare and Monogenic Causes Of Rare And Mendelian Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three affected patients displayed no detectable lesions caused by beta-HPVs. IEI underlying HPV diseases have recently been reviewed ( Béziat et al., 2021a ).…”

Section: Rare and Monogenic Causes Of Rare And Mendelian Viral Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

From rare disorders of immunity to common determinants of infection: Following the mechanistic thread

Casanova

Abel

2022

Cell

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“…Most HPV infections spontaneously resolve; however, some medical conditions (i.e., diseases that weaken the immune system) are associated with the persistence of the infection [ 1 ]. These medical conditions can be congenitally acquired, such as in the case of epidermodysplasia verruciformis [ 2 ], or non-congenitally acquired. The latter category includes people living with human immune deficiency virus (HIV), those with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, chronically immunosuppressed individuals, or those who have undergone organ transplantation [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the Epidemiological Features and Clinical Implications of Human Papillomavirus Infection (HPV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Coinfection

2022

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) worldwide. Although most HPV infections will spontaneously resolve, a considerable proportion of them will persist, increasing the risk of anogenital dysplasia, especially within certain populations, such as patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Furthermore, high-risk oncogenic HPV types (HR-HPV) are the main cause of cervix and other anogenital cancers, such as cancer of the vagina, vulva, penis, or anus. HIV and HPV coinfection is common among people living with HIV (PLWH) but disproportionally affects men who have sex with men (MSM) for whom the rate of persistent HPV infection and reinfection is noteworthy. The molecular interactions between HIV and HPV, as well as the interplay between both viruses and the immune system, are increasingly being understood. The immune dysfunction induced by HIV infection impairs the rate of HPV clearance and increases its oncogenic risk. Despite the availability of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), the incidence of several HPV-related cancers is higher in PLWH, and the burden of persistent HPV-related disease has become a significant concern in an aging HIV population. Several public health strategies have been developed to reduce the transmission of HIV and HPV and mitigate the consequences of this type of coinfection. Universal HPV vaccination is the most effective preventive tool to reduce the incidence of HPV disease. In addition, screening programs for HPV-related cervical and vulvovaginal diseases in women are well-recognized strategies to prevent cervical cancer. Similarly, anal dysplasia screening programs are being implemented worldwide for the prevention of anal cancer among PLWH. Herein, the main epidemiological features and clinical implications of HIV and HPV coinfection are reviewed, focusing mainly on the relationship between HIV immune status and HPV-related diseases and the current strategies used to reduce the burden of HPV-related disease.

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Human genetic and immunological dissection of papillomavirus-driven diseases: new insights into their pathogenesis

Cited by 19 publications

References 95 publications

Lower disease activity but higher risk of severe COVID-19 and herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with pre-existing autoantibodies neutralising IFN-α

Lower disease activity but higher risk of severe COVID-19 and herpes zoster in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with pre-existing autoantibodies neutralising IFN-α

From rare disorders of immunity to common determinants of infection: Following the mechanistic thread

Update on the Epidemiological Features and Clinical Implications of Human Papillomavirus Infection (HPV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Coinfection

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