Human Factors of Stereoscopic 3D Displays

Patterson, Robert

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-6651-1

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(281 reference statements)

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“…However, several primary undesirable effects are associated with 3D content: headache, nausea, and visual fatigue. In particular, visual fatigue, also called an eye strain which can be caused by conflict between accommodation and convergence when the virtual stereo stimuli appear outside the depth of field of the human eye, or otherwise by perceptual conflict between the presence of binocular parallax and the absence of motion parallax, usually occurs while watching 3D displays and gets worse as the duration of viewing increases . 3D fatigue has received considerable attention, and researchers have developed various indicators to evaluate it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between visual fatigue and duration of viewing as assessed by brain monitoring

Kang

Wang

et al. 2018

J Soc Info Display

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Duration of viewing was considered as one of the most important factors of 3D visual fatigue. However, their relationship was not well studied. We proposed to use brain monitoring techniques to reveal more details about the variety of brain activity while watching three‐dimensional (3D) content. We investigated the spectral patterns in the electroencephalogram related to various duration of viewing and showed the power spectral density varied significantly along with the development of fatigue over occipital lobe, parietal lobe, and right frontal lobe. Moreover, we first described the trend of brain activity during 3D content viewing and revealed the location of significant components related to 3D visual fatigue. We believe that the absolute power describes more information and may be a better indicator of 3D visual fatigue assessment compared with relative power. We also first revealed the cortex location that is related to 3D visual fatigue. Our findings may help to define appropriate electroencephalogram features for online 3D visual fatigue detection while participants viewing 3D content.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between visual fatigue and duration of viewing as assessed by brain monitoring

Kang

Wang

et al. 2018

J Soc Info Display

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“…This increased potency would arise from the perceived depth of stimulation. As such, its effect would be exerted at a relatively high level of the visual system where disparity magnitude is scaled or calibrated by viewing distance information (Patterson, 2009(Patterson, , 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Stereoscopic Depth on the Flanker Compatibility Effect

Funke

Vidulich

Warm

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual

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Modern air-traffic control displays feature complex symbology that may negatively impact operator performance efficiency. Manipulations of stereoscopic depth have been proposed as a means to declutter such displays and thereby to enhance operator performance. In this study, we employed a flanker task designed by Eriksen and Eriksen (1974) to further investigate that possibility. Participants were required to correctly respond to target letters from the sets H and K and S and C that were bordered horizontally by response compatible and response incompatible flanking letters. Using a stereoscopic imaging technique, the flanking letters were made to appear .1 and .8 cm in front of or behind the target letters, or on the same plane as the target letters. Consistent with the findings of Eriksen and Eriksen (1974), when all letters appeared on the same plane, response times (RTs) to target letters in the presence of response incompatible flanking letters were significantly elevated in comparison to RTs in the presence of response compatible flanking letters. These effects were eliminated when the flankers appeared to be slightly in front of the target letters or at both distances behind the target letters. However, the flanker effects were restored when the flankers appeared well in front of the target letters. The results suggest that the decluttering ability of stereoscopic depth is complex and dependent on the relative apparent distance between the targets and their bordering flanker elements.

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“…Past crosstalk investigations used common display technology which did not focus on the specific requirements of augmented reality scenarios . In augmented reality displays, computer‐generated imagery is combined with the real‐world environment, which might affect the acceptance of occurring crosstalk.…”

Section: Laboratory Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring crosstalk perception for stereoscopic 3D head‐up displays in a crosstalk simulator

et al. 2015

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In today's upper class vehicles, head-up displays (HUDs) are state of the art human-machine interfaces used to increase driving security and comfort. Working with a stereoscopically perceived viewing impression, a novel automotive 3D HUD would allow the simultaneous visualization of multiple contents in various depth planes. However, stereoscopic crosstalk is one of the most important parameters influencing the image quality of stereoscopic systems. We present a setup to simulate crosstalk including a specific software solution. It constitutes a platform to explore the effects of stereoscopic crosstalk in the augmented reality viewing conditions of a 3D HUD. As the setup allows the variation of numerous parameters, it provides a versatile research platform. By means of it, we investigate the variation of the visibility and acceptability thresholds of crosstalk over various parameters. Our results include the finding that they decrease with rising contrast affirming this behavior known for conventional stereoscopic displays for stereoscopic see-through displays

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Human Factors of Stereoscopic 3D Displays

Cited by 27 publications

References 178 publications

The correlation between visual fatigue and duration of viewing as assessed by brain monitoring

The correlation between visual fatigue and duration of viewing as assessed by brain monitoring

Influence of Stereoscopic Depth on the Flanker Compatibility Effect

Exploring crosstalk perception for stereoscopic 3D head‐up displays in a crosstalk simulator

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