Human factors and nuclear safety since 1970 – A critical review of the past, present and future

Hamer, Robin; Waterson, Patrick; Jun, Gyuchan Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105021

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…The nuclear power industry is generally known for a high level of awareness of potential hazards (Hamer et al, 2021). The two organizations participating in the present study also displayed a high level of information security awareness and practice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…The nuclear power industry is a safety criticalindustry where the operation, governance, processes and procedures aim to minimise the likelihood of accidents. This industry is experiencing new developments such as the integration of advanced technologies, which involves a focus on information security and the protection against external threats such as cyber-attacks (Hamer et al, 2021). Nuclear power production plants cooperate closely with other types of industry, providing material and services, and handling nuclear wastes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of organizational and social factors for information security in a nuclear power industry

Gyllensten

Törner

2021

OCJ

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PurposeThe aim of this study was to explore the organizational and social prerequisites for employees' participative and rule-compliant information security behaviour in Swedish nuclear power production and its related industry. These industries are high-risk activities that must be meticulously secured. Protecting the information security in the related organizations is an essential aspect of this.Design/methodology/approachIndividual in-depth interviews were conducted with 24 employees in two organizations within the nuclear power industry in Sweden.FindingsWe found that prerequisites for employees' participative and rule-compliant information security behaviour could be categorized into structural, social and individual aspects. Structural aspects included well-adapted rules, knowledge support and resources. Social aspects included a supportive organizational culture, collaboration and adequate resources, and individual aspects included individual responsibility.Originality/valueThe qualitative approach of the study provided comprehensive descriptions of the identified preconditions. The results may thus enable organizations to better promote conditions important for information security in a high-risk industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of organizational and social factors for information security in a nuclear power industry

Gyllensten

Törner

2021

OCJ

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“…To identify the barriers to be included in the model, an initial pool of 20 psychosocial dimensions relating to both safeguard and direct barriers were identified through a literature review focused on human factors related to safety in organizations [ 38 , 39 ]. The distinction between direct and safeguard barriers was made according to the specific role they play in preventing human error.…”

Section: Development Of the Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Human Barriers in Human Reliability Analysis: A New Model for the Energy Sector

Guglielmi

Paolucci

Cozzani

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Human reliability analysis (HRA) is a major concern for organizations. While various tools, methods, and instruments have been developed by the scientific community to assess human error probability, few of them actually consider human factors impact in their analysis. The active role that workers have in shaping their own performance should be taken into account in order to understand the causal factors that may lead to errors while performing a task and identifying which human factors may prevent errors from occurring. In line with this purpose, the aim of this study is to present a new methodology for the assessment of human reliability. The proposed model relies on well-known HRA methodologies (such as SPAR-H and HEART) and integrates them in a unified framework in which human factors assume the role of safety barriers against human error. A test case of the new method was carried out in a logistics hub of an energy company. Our results indicate that human factors play a significant role in preventing workers from making errors while performing tasks by reducing human error probability. The limits and implications of the study are discussed.

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“…The widespread use of nuclear energy in aerospace, military, medical, and other fields leads to the increasing exposure to human beings from ionizing radiation (IR) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Meanwhile, as a dominant cancer treatment, radiotherapy can directly generate large amounts of ROS, contributing to DNA double-strand breakage, intracellular oxidative stress, and cells apoptosis [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROS-Responsive and pH-Sensitive Aminothiols Dual-Prodrug for Radiation Enteritis

et al. 2022

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Radiation exposure can immediately trigger a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can induce severe cell death and long-term tissue damage. Therefore, instantaneous release of sufficient radioprotective drugs is vital to neutralize those accumulated ROS in IR-exposed areas. To achieve this goal, we designed, synthesized, and evaluated a novel oral ROS-responsive radioprotective compound (M1) with high biocompatibility and efficient ROS-scavenging ability to act as a promising oral drug for radiation protection. The compound is stably present in acidic environments and is hydrolyzed in the intestine to form active molecules rich in thiols. M1 can significantly remove cellular ROS and reduce DNA damage induced by γ-ray radiation. An in vivo experiment showed that oral administration of M1 effectively alleviates acute radiation-induced intestinal injury. Immunohistochemical staining showed that M1 improved cell proliferation, reduced cell apoptosis, and enhanced the epithelial integrity of intestinal crypts. This study provides a promising oral ROS-sensitive agent for acute intestinal radiation syndrome.

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Human factors and nuclear safety since 1970 – A critical review of the past, present and future

Cited by 38 publications

References 167 publications

The role of organizational and social factors for information security in a nuclear power industry

The role of organizational and social factors for information security in a nuclear power industry

Integrating Human Barriers in Human Reliability Analysis: A New Model for the Energy Sector

ROS-Responsive and pH-Sensitive Aminothiols Dual-Prodrug for Radiation Enteritis

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