Human exposure to heavy metals in the vicinity of Portuguese solid waste incinerators – Part 1: Biomonitoring of Pb, Cd and Hg in blood of the general population

Reis, M. Fátima; Sampaio, Carla; Brantes, Ana; Aniceto, Pedro; Melim, Marcelo; Cardoso, Liliana; Gabriel, Cátia; Simão, Filipa; Miguel, José Pereira

doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2007.01.023

Cited by 55 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In our study, regardless of age and gender, mercury was positively correlated with an increase of total cholesterol. Batariova et al [ 55 ], Passos et al [ 56 ], Reis et al [ 57 ], Caldwell et al [ 58 ], and You et al [ 53 ] have reported no gender difference in blood mercury level, which agrees with our findings. Some previous studies reported that mercury exposure might increase the risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) [ 52 , 59 ], which is a syndrome encompassing obesity, hypertension, low HDL-C, high triglyceride, and increased fasting glucose, and a three-fold increased risk of cardiovascular diseases [ 60 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Relationship between Selected Serum Metallic Elements and Obesity in Children and Adolescent in the U.S.

2017

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The prevalence of obesity has increased at an alarming rate worldwide. Metallic elements are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and related diseases. To date, whether environmental exposure to metallic elements has effects on obesity in children and adolescents is still unclear. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association of blood metallic elements with obesity in U.S. children and adolescents. This cross-sectional study was performed with 5404 children and adolescents (6–19 years, 2745 males and 2659 females) who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014. Blood lead, mercury, selenium, manganese, copper, and zinc, as well as biochemical parameters including triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were assessed for all subjects. Multivariate logistic regression and linear regression were applied to assess associations of metallic elements and overweight, obesity status, and serum metabolites as distinct outcomes adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, and the poverty income ratio. When stratified by age and sex, significant associations were found between the highest quartile of copper concentrations in blood with obesity status (OR = 9.27, 95% CI: 5.43, 15.82, pfor trend < 0.001) and cholesterol (OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.43, 6.63, pfor trend < 0.001). The highest concentrations of manganese in the blood was associated with obesity in those aged 6–19 years (OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.74, 3.02, pfor trend < 0.001). Moreover, blood mercury and selenium showed positive relationships with cholesterol. Further, a negative association existed between blood zinc and obesity. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data provide epidemiological evidence that blood metallic elements are positively associated with obesity in children and adolescents. However, the underlying mechanisms still need further exploration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Relationship between Selected Serum Metallic Elements and Obesity in Children and Adolescent in the U.S.

2017

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“…However, the proportion of subjects with concentration of these metals below the LOD tended to be higher in the control area. Our results are in line with two previous works reporting, in adults, no associations between living near a municipal solid waste incinerator and blood Pb and Cd levels [34,35]. Conversely, higher blood concentrations of Cr and Pb have been reported in adults living close to Chinese waste incinerators than in controls, with vegetable ingestion being the main contributor to the total average daily dose of these metals, as compared with Mn [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…A recent study characterizing the distribution of heavy metals in ambient air particles (PM1, PM2.5, PM10) emitted from a municipal waste incinerator, indicated that children living close to this industrial plant had a high noncarcinogenic risk and a high lifetime carcinogenic risk following exposure to toxic metals bound to the emitted particles [28]. Several studies explored the concentration of heavy metals (mainly lead, cadmium, mercury, nickel, and chromium) in adults exposed to emissions from waste incinerators [31][32][33][34][35][36]. However, in the majority of cases a limited number of metals have been considered, and the sampling procedures were on blood and/or urine, thus mainly representing shortrather than long-term exposure [37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomonitoring of Metals in Children Living in an Urban Area and Close to Waste Incinerators

Ciaula

Gentilini²,

Diella

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The impact of waste incinerators is usually examined by measuring environmental pollutants. Biomonitoring has been limited, until now, to few metals and to adults. We explored accumulation of a comprehensive panel of metals in children free-living in an urban area hosting two waste incinerators. Children were divided by georeferentiation in exposed and control groups, and toenail concentrations of 23 metals were thereafter assessed. The percentage of children having toenail metal concentrations above the limit of detection was higher in exposed children than in controls for Al, Ba, Mn, Cu, and V. Exposed children had higher absolute concentrations of Ba, Mn, Cu, and V, as compared with those living in the reference area. The Tobit regression identified living in the exposed area as a significant predictor of Ba, Ni, Cu, Mn, and V concentrations, after adjusting for covariates. The concentrations of Ba, Mn, Ni, and Cu correlated with each other, suggesting a possible common source of emission. Exposure to emissions derived from waste incinerators in an urban setting can lead to body accumulation of specific metals in children. Toenail metal concentration should be considered a noninvasive and adequate biomonitoring tool and an early warning indicator which should integrate the environmental monitoring of pollutants.

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“…It is notable, however, that living near a polluting facility may not necessarily result in an appreciable increase in exposure to cadmium. For instance, residential vicinity to an urban solid waste incinerator was not associated with blood and urinary cadmium in a Belgian study (Schroijen et al, 2008), and similar lack of association has been reported from Korea (Lee et al, 2012), Portugal (Reis et al, 2007), and Spain (Zubero et al, 2010). It has been documented that cadmium in outdoor air (Ciarrocca et al, 2015) and house dust (Hogervorst et al, 2007), some but not all of which would originate from waste facilities, are potentially important determinants of cadmium exposure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Blood cadmium by race/hispanic origin: The role of smoking

Aoki

Yee

Mortensen

2017

Environmental Research

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Background There have been increasing concerns over health effects of low level exposure to cadmium, especially those on bones and kidneys. Objective To explore how age-adjusted geometric means of blood cadmium in adults varied by race/Hispanic origin, sex, and smoking status among U.S. adults and the extent to which the difference in blood cadmium by race/Hispanic origin and sex may be explained by intensity of smoking, a known major source of cadmium exposure. Methods Our sample included 7,368 adults from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. With direct age adjustment, geometric means of blood cadmium and number of cigarettes smoked per day were estimated for subgroups defined by race/Hispanic origin, smoking status, and sex using interval regression, which allows mean estimation in the presence of left- and right-censoring. Results Among never and former smoking men and women, blood cadmium tended to be higher for non-Hispanic Asian adults than adults of other race/Hispanic origin. Among current smokers, who generally had higher blood cadmium than never and former smokers, non-Hispanic white, black, and Asian adults had similarly elevated blood cadmium compared to Hispanic adults. A separate analysis revealed that non-Hispanic white adults tended to have the highest smoking intensity regardless of sex, than adults of the other race/Hispanic origin groups. Conclusions The observed pattern provided evidence for smoking as a major source of cadmium exposure, yet factors other than smoking also appeared to contribute to higher blood cadmium of non-Hispanic Asian adults.

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Human exposure to heavy metals in the vicinity of Portuguese solid waste incinerators – Part 1: Biomonitoring of Pb, Cd and Hg in blood of the general population

Cited by 55 publications

References 6 publications

Relationship between Selected Serum Metallic Elements and Obesity in Children and Adolescent in the U.S.

Relationship between Selected Serum Metallic Elements and Obesity in Children and Adolescent in the U.S.

Biomonitoring of Metals in Children Living in an Urban Area and Close to Waste Incinerators

Blood cadmium by race/hispanic origin: The role of smoking

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