Human Evolution and Chronic Diseases: Genes, Allostasis, and Cut-Points

James, Gary D.

doi:10.4172/2332-0915.1000e122

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Evolutionary and life-history principles have demonstrated value for shedding light on the complexities of human health and disease across the life span (e.g., James 2014). Such approaches enrich understandings of the proximate and ultimate etiologies of age-associated conditions and, as such, show great potential to inform prevention and treatment efforts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evolutionary and Life-History Perspective on Osteoporosis

Madimenos

2015

Annu. Rev. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Osteoporosis is a systemic disease characterized by bone mass reductions and heightened fracture risk; its global prevalence rates are projected to increase precipitously over the next few decades. Evolutionary and life-history perspectives have proven valuable for offering a different lens with which to consider the etiologies of common chronic diseases, and in this review, these approaches are applied to osteoporosis. Although there are many perspectives on human susceptibility to bone loss, this article explores the most prominent and empirically studied theories. Osteoporosis is considered within the context of theories on aging (e.g., antagonistic pleiotropy, disposable soma) and mismatch theory. Female vulnerability is considered within a separate evolutionary framework and has been articulated as a trade-off between reproduction and skeletal health. Recent advancements in bone imaging techniques for skeletal and living human and nonhuman primate populations (i.e., CT scans, ultrasonometry) have facilitated huge strides in contextualizing osteoporosis within evolutionary theory.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evolutionary and Life-History Perspective on Osteoporosis

Madimenos

2015

Annu. Rev. Anthropol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…18 The implication is that, unlike relatively direct and expeditious treatments for acute or sub-acute illnesses that target the most life-threatening components, treatments for chronic disease need to target many components at different time points, and might even miss the underlying root cause(s). James et al 19 have postulated that chronic disease results from some as-yet ill-defined disequilibrium among evolution, adaption, resultant allostatic genetic traits, and the environment. Hence, a representation of genetic load may be able to predict not only the potential for a chronic disease, but the type of interventions best suited for prevention and health promotion in a particular individual.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiposity-based Chronic Disease—Obesity Re-worked

Mechanick¹

2016

US Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity is a complex, chronic disease with a high prevalence rate that has been resistant to current preventive and therapeutic efforts. A new definition of obesity is proposed in the context of emerging information and the need for de-stigmatization. Adiposity-based chronic disease (ABCD) addresses the amount, distribution, and function of body fat. An ABCD model is best approached using structured lifestyle medicine and a focus on health promotion, rather than exclusively disease management. Future care models for ABCD will likely involve gene/genomic analyses and advanced body imaging technologies.

show abstract

Human Evolution and Chronic Diseases: Genes, Allostasis, and Cut-Points

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

An Evolutionary and Life-History Perspective on Osteoporosis

An Evolutionary and Life-History Perspective on Osteoporosis

Adiposity-based Chronic Disease—Obesity Re-worked

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About