Human Disease from Influenza A (H5N1), Thailand, 2004

Chotpitayasunondh, Tawee; Ungchusak, Kumnuan; Hanshaoworakul, Wanna; Chunsuthiwat, Supamit; Sawanpanyalert, Pathom; Kijphati, R.; Lochindarat, Sorasak; Srisan, Panida; Suwan, Pongsan; Osotthanakorn, Yutthasak; Anantasetagoon, Tanakorn; Kanjanawasri, Supornchai; Tanupattarachai, Sureeporn; Weerakul, Jiranun; Chaiwirattana, Ruangsri; Maneerattanaporn, Monthira; Poolsavatkitikool, Rapol; Chokephaibulkit, Kulkunya; Apisarnthanarak, Anucha; Dowell, Scott F.

doi:10.3201/eid1102.041061

Cited by 343 publications

(440 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Most patients have clinical and radiological features of pneumonia which is seen to rapidly progress to respiratory failure with manifestations of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In a report from Thailand, the median time for progression to ARDS was 6 days (range 4 to 13 days) [15].…”

Section: Clinical Coursementioning

confidence: 99%

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Influenza A: From highly pathogenic H5N1 to pandemic 2009 H1N1. Epidemiology and clinical features

2009

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The last decade has seen the emergence of two new infl uenza A subtypes and they have become a cause of concern for the global community. These are the highly pathogenic H5N1 infl uenza A virus (H5N1) and the Pandemic 2009 infl uenza H1N1 virus. Since 2003 the H5N1 virus has caused widespread disease and death in poultry, mainly in south East Asia and Africa. In humans the number of cases infected with this virus is few but the mortality has been about 60%. Most patients have presented with severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The second infl uenza virus, the pandemic H1N1 2009, emerged in Mexico in March this year. This virus acquired the ability for sustained human to human spread and within a few months spread throughout the world and infected over 4 lakh individuals. The symptoms of infection with this virus are similar to seasonal infl uenza but it currently affecting younger individuals more often. Fortunately the mortality has been low. Both these new infl uenza viruses are currently circulating and have different clinical and epidemiological characteristics.

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Section: Clinical Coursementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dyspnea usually develops after a median of 5 days of initial symptoms [15]. Respiratory distress, tachypnea and inspiratory crackles are commonly seen.…”

Section: Clinical Coursementioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza A: From highly pathogenic H5N1 to pandemic 2009 H1N1. Epidemiology and clinical features

2009

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“…1 y 2). Los criadores rurales, y el personal que trabaja con las aves de corral y sus desechos, son las poblaciones humanas principalmente expuestas 54 .…”

Section: Mecanismo De Extensiónunclassified

“…En algunas series publicadas, el fallo respiratorio y el síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo (SDRA) estaba presente en más del 75% de los pacientes 30 .…”

Section: Manifestaciones Clínicasunclassified

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Gripe aviar: lo que un intensivista debe conocer

Casillas¹,

Fernandez²,

Varon³

2008

Medicina Intensiva

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En el siglo pasado, la humanidad ha hecho frente a tres de las mayores pandemias de infecciones por el virus de la gripe. La primera fue en 1918, y causó una cantidad significativa de muertes. Éste ha sido también capaz de cruzar la barrera de la especie y afectar a los mamíferos y, lo más preocupante, a los seres humanos. Desde entonces se han publicado varios brotes en el sudeste de Asia. Una gran cantidad de pacientes presenta un curso severo que desarrolla neumonía y disfunción, que implica al hígado, los riñones, el cerebro y los pulmones.Puesto que el virus carece de control regulador de la división genética, experimenta mutaciones constantes que conducen a nuevos subtipos y a nuevas cepas. Los únicos fármacos que han mostrado cierta protección son oseltamivir y zanamivir. Es crucial desarrollar vacunas eficaces y no costosas para prevenir la extensión del virus y la infección, no solamente en seres humanos sino también en aves. PALABRAS CLAVE: gripe aviar, fallo respiratorio agudo, virus H5N1, neuraminidasa, oseltamivir. BIRD FLU: WHAT THE INTENSIVIST MUST KNOWIn the last century, humankind has faced 3 major pandemics of influenza virus infections. The first one occurred in 1918 and caused a significant amount of deaths. It was also capable of crossing over species barrier and affecting mammals, and most worrisome, humans. Since then several outbreaks have been reported in the Southeast of Asia. Many patients with the flu-like illness have a severe course and the patient develops pneumonia and in some cases multiorgan failure involving liver, kidneys, brain and lungs.Since the virus lacks regulatory control of genetic division it undergoes constant mutations leading to new subtypes and, sometimes, new strains. The only drugs that have shown some protection are oseltamivir and zanamivir. It is crucial to develop effective and non-expensive vaccines to prevent the virus spread and infection not only in humans but in birds too.

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Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza

Lansbury

Rodrigo

Leonardi‐Bee

et al. 2019

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

177

154

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Background Specific treatments for influenza are limited to neuraminidase inhibitors and adamantanes. Corticosteroids show evidence of benefit in sepsis and related conditions, most likely due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Although commonly prescribed for severe influenza, there is uncertainty over their potential benefits or harms. This is an update of a review first published in 2016. Objectives To systematically assess the e ectiveness and potential adverse e ects of corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza, taking into account di erences in timing and doses of corticosteroids.

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Human Disease from Influenza A (H5N1), Thailand, 2004

Abstract: Direct contact with sick poultry, young age, pneumonia and lymphopenia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome should prompt specific laboratory testing for H5 influenza.

Cited by 343 publications

References 25 publications

Influenza A: From highly pathogenic H5N1 to pandemic 2009 H1N1. Epidemiology and clinical features

Influenza A: From highly pathogenic H5N1 to pandemic 2009 H1N1. Epidemiology and clinical features

Gripe aviar: lo que un intensivista debe conocer

Corticosteroids as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of influenza

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