Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B genotypes in blood of AIDS patients: Lack of association with either the viral DNA load in leukocytes or presence of retinitis

Gilbert, Clare; Handfield, Julie; Toma, Emil; Lalonde, Richard; Bergeron, Michel G.; Boivin, Guy

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199909)59:1<98::aid-jmv16>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Many conflicting reports have examined the correlation between variation of HCMV genotype sequences and risk of transmission or disease progression and severity [41,50–54]. From this work, no clear conclusion can be reached about a possible effect of any single genotype on disease.…”

Section: Hcmv Diversity Evolution and Clinical Disease: Is There A Cmentioning

confidence: 88%

Human cytomegalovirus intrahost evolution—a new avenue for understanding and controlling herpesvirus infections

Renzette

Gibson

Jensen

et al. 2014

Current Opinion in Virology

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is exquisitely adapted to the human host, and much research has focused on its evolution over long timescales spanning millennia. Here, we review recent data exploring the evolution of the virus on much shorter timescales, on the order of days or months. We describe the intrahost genetic diversity of the virus isolated from humans, and how this diversity contributes to HCMV spatiotemporal evolution. We propose mechanisms to explain the high levels of intrahost diversity and discuss how this new information may shed light on HCMV infection and pathogenesis.

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Section: Hcmv Diversity Evolution and Clinical Disease: Is There A Cmentioning

confidence: 88%

Human cytomegalovirus intrahost evolution—a new avenue for understanding and controlling herpesvirus infections

Renzette

Gibson

Jensen

et al. 2014

Current Opinion in Virology

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“…For instance, gB2 was observed being a predominant genotype in HIV/AIDS patients, but its association with HCMV retinitis yielding conflicting results [16, 31, 32]. The distribution of the gO genotypes in clinical isolates from different geographic regions and different disease settings demonstrated that no clear correlation exists between gO genotype and HCMV disease [20, 21, 33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, three nonprototypic genotypes (gB5, gB6, gB7) have been identified [14] [15]. Previous studies showed that gB2 is the predominant gB type in AIDS patients [11–13, 16, 17]. However, the association of gB genotypes and disease progression is still controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein polymorphisms and increasing viral load in AIDS patients

et al. 2017

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BackgroundMultiple strains infection of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was found to be correlated with increased viral load in immunodeficient patients. However, the pathogenic mechanism underlying this correlation remains unclear. To evaluate genetic polymorphisms of HCMV glycoprotein and their potential role in its viral load, HCMV glycoprotein B, N, and O (gB, gN and gO) genotypes was studied in the population of HCMV infected acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. The association between glycoprotein polymorphisms and HCMV viral load was analyzed.MethodsThe genetic polymorphisms of glycoprotein from sera of 60 HCMV infected AIDS patients was investigated by multiplex nested PCR and sequencing. HCMV viral load was evaluated by quantitative PCR.ResultsgB1, gO1a, and gN4a were the predominant glycoprotein genotypes in HCMV infected AIDS patients and composed 86.96%, 78.8%, and 49.2%, respectively. Only gN4a genotype infection significantly increased viral load (P = 0.048). 71% (43/60) of HCMV infected AIDS patients were found to carry multiple HCMV strains infection. A novel potential linkage of gO1a/gN4a was identified from multiple HCMV infected patients. It was the most frequent occurrence, accounted for 51.5% in 33 patients with gO and gN genotypes infection. Furthermore, the gO1a/gN4a linkage was correlated to an increased viral load (P = 0.020).ConclusionThe gN4a correlates to higher level HCMV load in AIDS patients. Interestingly, a novel gO1a/gN4a linkage is identified from the patients with multiple HCMV strains infection and is also associated with an increased viral load. Therefore, the pathogenic mechanism underlying glycoprotein polymorphisms and interaction of variants should be analyzed further.

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“…Shepp et al [94] found that the gB-2 type was significantly associated with HCMV retinitis, but this observation was not further confirmed by subsequent studies [118]. Moreover, three different studies [116,119,139] demonstrated a high prevalence of gB-2 in AIDS patients, irrespective of symptoms of cytomegalovirus disease (e.g. HCMV retinitis).…”

Section: Aids Patientsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The results have not established definitive associations between the viral types and HCMV disease, leaving open the possibility that other variant HCMVencoded products, possibly in combination, may play a role in viral pathogenesis. The most widely studied polymorphisms to date are those involving ORF UL55, the gB encoding locus.The functional role of the main gB-types in HCMV pathogenesis and their relationship with the clinical outcome of HCMV disease and virus cell/tissue tropism are under detailed investigation, but results are often controversial and in some cases are contradictory [21,118,129,138,139]. However, UL55 shows a low variation ( < 10%), when compared with other polymorphic genes, and this could affect the interpretation of disease associations with gB types.…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphisms among human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) wild‐type strains

Pignatelli

Monte

Rossini

et al. 2004

Reviews in Medical Virology

134

126

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) clinical isolates display genetic polymorphisms in multiple genes. Some authors have suggested that those polymorphisms may be implicated in HCMV-induced immunopathogenesis, as well as in strain-specific behaviours, such as tissue-tropism and ability to establish persistent or latent infections. This review summarises the features of the main clustered HCMV polymorphic open reading frames and also briefly cites other variable loci within the viral genome. The implications of gene polymorphisms are discussed in terms of potentially advantageous higher fitness obtained by the strain, but also taking into account that the published data are often speculative. The last section of this review summarises and critically analyses the main literature reports about the linkage of strain specific genotypes with clinical manifestations of HCMV disease in different patient populations affected by severe cytomegalovirus infections, namely immunocompromised subjects and congenitally infected newborns.

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Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B genotypes in blood of AIDS patients: Lack of association with either the viral DNA load in leukocytes or presence of retinitis

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

Human cytomegalovirus intrahost evolution—a new avenue for understanding and controlling herpesvirus infections

Human cytomegalovirus intrahost evolution—a new avenue for understanding and controlling herpesvirus infections

Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein polymorphisms and increasing viral load in AIDS patients

Genetic polymorphisms among human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) wild‐type strains

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