Human coronavirus alone or in co-infection with rhinovirus C is a risk factor for severe respiratory disease and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit: A one-year study in Southeast Brazil

Matsuno, Alessandra Kimie; Gagliardi, Talita B.; Paula, Flávia Escremim de; Luna, L.; Jesus, Bruna Laís Santos de; Stein, Renato T.; Aragon, Davi Casale; Carlotti, Ana P. C. P.; Arruda, Eurico

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0217744

Cited by 24 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The proportion of patients with increased white blood cells and neutrophils in the older age groups was significantly higher than that in the younger age group. These findings suggest that older patients may be more likely to have a secondary infection with other bacteria, which may lead to poor prognosis [28]. Kim et al reported that viral-bacterial coinfection was an independent predictor of mortality from viral pneumonia [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 at different ages

Zhao

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Aging

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Background: Information about the clinical characteristics and mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 at different ages is limited. Results: The older group had more patients with dyspnea and fewer patients with fever and muscle pain. Older patients had more underlying diseases, secondary infection, myocardial injury, renal dysfunction, coagulation dysfunction, and immune dysfunction on admission. More older patients received immunoglobulin therapy and mechanical ventilation. The proportions of patients with multiple organ injuries, critically ill patients and death increased significantly with age. The older groups had higher cumulative death risk than the younger group. Hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, comorbidities, acute cardiac injury, shock and complications are independent predictors of death. Conclusions: The symptoms of the elderly patients were more atypical, with more comorbidities, secondary infection, organ injuries, immune dysfunction and a higher risk of critical illness. Older age was an important risk factor for mortality. Methods: 1000 patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 from January 1, 2020 to February 14, 2020 were enrolled. According to age, patients were divided into group 1 (<60 years old), group 2 (60-74 years old) and group 3 (≥75 years old). The clinical symptoms, first laboratory results, CT findings, organ injuries, disease severity and mortality were analyzed. www.aging-us.com 10071 AGING acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is still increasing. The numbers of infected patients and deaths both exceeded the respective figures associated with the outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003 [3] and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2015 [4]. Compared to the mortality of SARS (10%) and MERS (35%), COVID-19 has a lower fatality rate of 2.3% [5-7]. However, the rapidly increasing number of cases and increasing evidence of human-to-human transmission suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is more contagious than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV [8, 9].

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 at different ages

Zhao

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This highlights the importance of determining the local epidemiology, and suggests that genomic sequencing of isolates may be a necessary next step to investigate genetic changes over time. Interestingly, there is increasing reports of both co-infections with multiple respiratory viruses and viral and bacterial pathogens, and data suggesting this may be associated with more severe disease [25][26][27][28]. In our cohort bacterial co-infections were only identified in 7.9 % of individuals, and viral co-infections in 3.1 %; both of which are lower than what has been reported by other groups [28,29], and we did not have sufficient numbers to investigate any correlations with disease severity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severity of coronavirus respiratory tract infections in adults admitted to acute care in Toronto, Ontario

Kozak

Prost

Yip

et al. 2020

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Background: The World Health Organization has highlighted the need for improved surveillance and understanding of the health burden imposed by non-influenza RNA respiratory viruses. Human coronaviruses (CoVs) are a major cause of respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections with associated morbidity and mortality. Objectives: The objective of our study was to characterize the epidemiology of CoVs in our tertiary care centre, and identify clinical correlates of disease severity. Study design: A cross-sectional study was performed of 226 patients admitted with confirmed CoV respiratory tract infection between 2010 and 2016. Variables consistent with a severe disease burden were evaluated including symptoms, length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality. Results: CoVs represented 11.3% of all positive respiratory virus samples and OC43 was the most commonly identified CoV. The majority of infections were community-associated while 21.6% were considered nosocomial. The average length of stay was 11.8 days with 17.3% of patients requiring ICU admission and an all-cause mortality of 7%. In a multivariate model, female gender and smoking were associated with increased likelihood of admission to ICU or death. Conclusion: This study highlights the significant burden of CoVs and justifies the need for surveillance in the acute care setting.

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“…Coinfection with other respiratory viruses, before COVID‐19, has been described and should not be surprising. One study found that there was codetection of 2 or more viruses in 78% of patients requiring hospitalization for respiratory illness 5 . Of those, coinfection with human coronavirus (non‐SARS‐CoV‐2) together had an increased association with pediatric ICU admission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rates of coinfection with other respiratory pathogens in patients positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)

et al. 2020

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Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess coinfection rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) with other respiratory infections on presentation. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of data from a 2 hospital academic medical centers and 2 urgent care centers during the initial 2 weeks of testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), March 10, 2020 to March 23, 2020. Testing was targeted toward high‐risk patients following US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Demographics include age group and sex. Laboratory test results included SARS‐CoV‐2, rapid influenza A/B, and upper respiratory pathogen nucleic acid detection. Patient demographics and coinfections are presented overall and by test results with descriptive statistics. Results Complete laboratory results from the first 2 weeks of testing were available for 471 emergency department patients and 117 urgent care center patients who were tested for SARS‐CoV. A total of 51 (8.7%) patients tested positive for COVID‐19 with only 1 of these patients also testing positive for another respiratory infection. One of the patients positive for COVID‐19 also tested positive for influenza A. Among the 537 patients who were screened and tested negative for COVID‐19, there were 33 (6.1%) patients who tested positive in the upper respiratory pathogen nucleic acid detection test. Conclusion In our study investigating coinfections among 51 patients testing positive for COVID‐19, 1 patient also tested positive for influenza A. Although we found limited coinfections in our emergency department and urgent care center patient populations, further research is needed to assess potential coinfection in patients with COVID‐19.

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Human coronavirus alone or in co-infection with rhinovirus C is a risk factor for severe respiratory disease and admission to the pediatric intensive care unit: A one-year study in Southeast Brazil

Cited by 24 publications

References 26 publications

Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 at different ages

Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 at different ages

Severity of coronavirus respiratory tract infections in adults admitted to acute care in Toronto, Ontario

Rates of coinfection with other respiratory pathogens in patients positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)

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