Human Cochlear Pathology in Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity—A Review

Assessment of hearing loss in multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients undergoing Aminoglycoside treatment

“…But our findings are in accordance with the similar studies conducted and reported on the incidence of hearing loss after aminoglycoside treatment range from 0% (Powell, Thompson, & Luthe, 1983) to 63% (Tablan, Reyes, Rintelmann, & Lerner). 15,16 In our study Incidence HFL is higher 58% (n=11, out of Nineteen patients) and also developed first than LFL, well supported by Dreschler, et al, and Fausti et al, that Aminoglycosides have been known to affect hearing exclusively or initially in higher frequencies (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) prior to presentation of hearing loss in lower frequencies. 17,18 Ototoxicity is determined by comparing baseline data, ideally obtained prior to ototoxic drug administration, to the results of subsequent monitoring tests.…”

“…The progression of hair cell loss in cochlea tends to be from basal to apical and from OHCs to inner hair cells (IHCs) to supporting cells to more central neural structures like spiral ganglion cells. 10 This stepwise progression of damage explains the clinical findings of high frequency hearing loss occurring first with ototoxic drugs.…”

Aminoglycoside induced ototoxicity

“…For instance, Huizing and de Groot (1987) reported the histopathologic results of aminoglycoside ototoxicity from 21 patients. The results showed that outer hair cells (OHC) at the base of the cochlea are predominantly affected followed by inner hair cells (IHC).…”

Different Clinical Characteristics of Aminoglycoside-Induced Profound Deafness with and without the 1555 A→G Mitochondrial Mutation

“…Previous temporal bone studies as well as animal experiments showed that hair cells and the stria vascularis are two major affected sites in aminoglycoside-induced hearing loss [13,14]. Cortopassi and Hutchin [15] have proposed that the major inhibitory effect of aminoglycosides might be on the ion pumps of the stria vascularis which could have an indirect toxic effect on hair cells.…”