Human circadian rhythm synchronization by social timers: The role of motivation: IV. Individual features of the free-running 24-hour sleep-wake cycle under simulated conditions of vital activity

Sorokin, Aleksandr A; Maksimov, A. L.; Jermain, J.

doi:10.1007/bf02760715

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…There are numerous other reports that humans in social contact may free-run independently in environments lacking regular LD cycles (e.g. Verniko-Danellis & Winget, 1979;Kennaway & Van Dorp, 1991;Steel et al, 1995;Sorokin et al, 1996). The absence of mutual synchrony in these cases indicates that social effects on the circadian clock, unlike photic effects, are weak and are probably gated by volition, i.e.…”

Section: Social Zeitgebers In Humansmentioning

confidence: 97%

Social influences on mammalian circadian rhythms: animal and human studies

2004

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While light is considered the dominant stimulus for entraining (synchronizing) mammalian circadian rhythms to local environmental time, social stimuli are also widely cited as 'zeitgebers' (time-cues). This review critically assesses the evidence for social influences on mammalian circadian rhythms, and possible mechanisms of action. Social stimuli may affect circadian behavioural programmes by regulating the phase and period of circadian clocks (i.e. a zeitgeber action, either direct or by conditioning to photic zeitgebers), by influencing daily patterns of light exposure or modulating light input to the clock, or by associative learning processes that utilize circadian time as a discriminative or conditioned stimulus. There is good evidence that social stimuli can act as zeitgebers. In several species maternal signals are the primary zeitgeber in utero and prior to weaning. Adults of some species can also be phase shifted or entrained by single or periodic social interactions, but these effects are often weak, and appear to be mediated by social stimulation of arousal. There is no strong evidence yet for sensory-specific nonphotic inputs to the clock. The circadian phase-dependence of clock resetting to social stimuli or arousal (the 'nonphotic' phase response curve, PRC), where known, is distinct from that to light and similar in diurnal and nocturnal animals. There is some evidence that induction of arousal can modulate light input to the clock, but no studies yet of whether social stimuli can shift the clock by conditioning to photic cues, or be incorporated into the circadian programme by associative learning. In humans, social zeitgebers appear weak by comparison with light. In temporal isolation or under weak light-dark cycles, humans may ignore social cues and free-run independently, although cases of mutual synchrony among two or more group-housed individuals have been reported. Social cues may affect circadian timing by controlling sleep-wake states, but the phase of entrainment observed to fixed sleep-wake schedules in dim light is consistent with photic mediation (scheduled variations in behavioural state necessarily create daily light-dark cycles unless subjects are housed in constant dark or have no eyes). By contrast, discrete exercise sessions can induce phase shifts consistent with the nonphotic PRC observed in animal studies. The best evidence for social entrainment in humans is from a few totally blind subjects who synchronize to the 24 h day, or to near-24 h sleep-wake schedules under laboratory conditions. However, the critical entraining stimuli have not yet been identified, and there are no reported cases yet of social entrainment in bilaterally enucleated blind subjects. The role of social zeitgebers in mammalian behavioural ecology, their mechanisms of action, and their utility for manipulating circadian rhythms in humans, remains to be more fully elaborated.

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Section: Social Zeitgebers In Humansmentioning

confidence: 97%

Social influences on mammalian circadian rhythms: animal and human studies

2004

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“…This kind of data is typically modeled by point processes [19]. Concretely, since there is strong evidence supporting that human activities, such as socializing, follow a circadian rhythm, [26], [27], we propose to use a nonhomogeneous Poisson process with a periodic parametric function for the (conditional) intensity function.…”

Section: A Circadian Poisson Point Process Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Use (27) and 29 where θ stands for the model parameters, g is the current iteration number, and thus θ (g−1) are the previously computed parameters. Further, let {t m } denote the set of all data points contained in the mth time slot, and r m,l = p z(t m ) = l {t m }, θ (g−1) be the responsibilities.…”

Section: A Circadian Poisson Processes Mixture Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of e-Social Activity in Psychiatric Patients

Bonilla-Escribano

Ramírez

Sedano-Capdevila

et al. 2019

IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform.

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This work introduces a novel method to assess the social activity maintained by psychiatric patients using information and communication technologies. In particular, we model the daily usage patterns of phone calls and social and communication apps using point processes. We propose a novel nonhomogeneous Poisson process model with periodic (circadian) intensity function using a truncated Fourier series expansion, which is inferred using a trust-region algorithm. We also extend the model using a mixture of periodic intensity functions to cope with the different daily patterns of a person. The analysis of the usage of phone calls and social and communication apps of a cohort of 259 patients reveals common patterns shared among patients with relatively high homogeneity and differences among patient pathologies.

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“…To overcome this problem, in this paper, we extend the work of [18], by providing an alternative derivation of the process which also decouples the overall intensities from the switching mechanism that makes one of them null at given times according to the particular realization of the dataset. Finally, since we are interested in psychiatric applications, we need to consider the circadian rhythm [19], and we therefore propose to use a (non-negative) truncated Fourier series expansion as the parametric form of the (conditional) intensity functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Phone Call Durations via Switching Poisson Processes with Applications in Mental Health

Bonilla-Escribano

Ramírez

Artés‐Rodríguez

2020

2020 IEEE 30th International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing (MLSP)

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This work models phone call durations via switching Poisson point processes. This kind of processes is composed by two intertwined intensity functions: one models the start of a call, whereas the other one models when the call ends. Thus, the call duration is obtained from the inverse of the intensity function of finishing a call. Additionally, to model the circadian rhythm present in human behavior, we shall use a (positive) truncated Fourier series as the parametric form of the intensities. Finally, the maximum likelihood estimates of the intensity functions are obtained using a trust region method and the performance is evaluated on synthetic and real data, showing good results.

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Human circadian rhythm synchronization by social timers: The role of motivation: IV. Individual features of the free-running 24-hour sleep-wake cycle under simulated conditions of vital activity

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Social influences on mammalian circadian rhythms: animal and human studies

Social influences on mammalian circadian rhythms: animal and human studies

Assessment of e-Social Activity in Psychiatric Patients

Modeling Phone Call Durations via Switching Poisson Processes with Applications in Mental Health

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