Human chorionic gonadotrophin expression and histological findings as predictors of response to radiotherapy in carcinoma of the bladder

Martin, Joanne E.; Jenkins, B. J.; Zuk, R. J.; Oliver, R. T. D.; Baithun, Suhail

doi:10.1007/bf00822032

Cited by 74 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…have squamous metaplastic histology. Indeed, a recent histochemical study has shown that beta-hCG expression by bladder tumours correlates with the presence of squamous cell metaplasia (Martin et al, 1989). As stated in vitro results do not always correspond to in vivo findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Expression of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin by non-trophoblastic non-endocrine 'normal' and malignant epithelial cells

Iles

Purkis²,

Whitehead³

et al. 1990

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Expression of hCG and its free subunits by non-trophoblastic tumours is well recognised. Previously we reported hCG secretion by normal and malignant bladder epithelial cells in vitro. Here we examined culture medium from 83 different cell lines derived mainly from common epithelial tumours. Thirty-two of the cell lines were found to secrete hCG-like material into their culture media. Partial immunochemical characterisation showed that of these only choriocarcinoma and fetal tissue cell lines produced intact hCG and alpha subunit. The remaining 28 hCG-expressing epithelial cell lines, which are of mucosal origin, only secreted free beta subunit. Expression of free beta hCG by non-trophoblastic nonendocrine cells would appear to be especially characteristic of mucosal epithelia from the genitourinary and oral/respiratory tracts. Furthermore, this phenomenon may be characteristic of epithelium with transitional and/or squamous cell-like properties.Detection of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) in the blood of non-pregnant subjects is most commonly associated with germ cell tumours. In addition, hCG or either of its two subunits can be found in the serum of some patients with non-gonadal epithelial tumours. The highest incidence of the latter is found with islet cell carcinomas (reviewed by Braunstein, 1983). We have previously reported the expression of the free beta subunit of hCG as a common feature of neoplastic and 'normal' bladder epithelial cells in vitro (Iles et al., 1987;. Similarly, Cowley et al. (1985) found that the secretion of free beta-hCG was a common feature of a series of head and neck squamous carcinoma cell lines. Here we report a survey of the in vitro hCG secretion by 83 cell lines, derived in the main from common epithelial tumours: lung, breast, ovarian, colorectal and bladder. The secreted hCG was further subjected to detailed immunochemical characterisation. Materials and methodsCell culture A total of 83 established and finite cell lines were examined. These included 10 testicular germ cell tumours; three choriocarcinomas; 10 bladder cancers; eight 'normal' urothelial lines; 12 oral and genital epidermoid and squamous cell carcinoma (EC and SCC); four 'normal' oral mucosa; eight normal and transformed skin keratinocytes; five colorectal tumours; five lung carcinomas; seven breast carcinomas; and five ovarian (epithelial) tumours. Six control cell lines (three human and three murine) were also examined.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Expression of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin by non-trophoblastic non-endocrine 'normal' and malignant epithelial cells

Iles

Purkis²,

Whitehead³

et al. 1990

Br J Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tumor Biol 2007;28: [52][53][54][55][56] 53 to radiotherapy [3,4] . However, hCG ␤ expression also occurs in nonmalignant bladder tissue [5] .…”

Section: Hcg ␤ In Bladder Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β Genes 3, 5 and 8 in Tumor Tissue and Urinary Cells of Bladder Cancer Patients

Hotakainen¹,

Lintula²,

Järvinen³

et al. 2007

Tumor Biol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a marker of trophoblastic tumors, and the serum concentration of the free β-subunit (hCGβ) is an independent prognostic marker in several nontrophoblastic cancers. hCGβ is encoded by six genes, of which the type II genes (hCGβ 3/9, 5 and 8) are thought to be upregulated in relation to type I genes (hCGβ 6/7) in cancer. Method: We developed a novel quantitative RT-PCR method for the quantification of the relative expression levels of the two groups of hCGβ genes and analyzed 28 bladder tumors and 15 urine samples. Results: We found a higher relative expression level of type II genes in malignant compared with benign urothelia (p = 0.016) and in exfoliated urinary cells from cancer patients compared with those from benign controls (p = 0.026). The expression level was increasing with higher stage (p = 0.014) and grade (p = 0.001) and tended to be higher in relapsing tumors (p = 0.059). Conclusion: The increased hCGβ concentrations in body fluids of patients with aggressive bladder cancer may be due to overexpression of type II genes. Quantification of the relative mRNA expression levels of the hCGβ type I and II genes in urine cells should be further studied as a potential noninvasive tool for the diagnosis and follow-up of bladder cancer.

show abstract

“…14 Tissue expression detected by immunohistochemistry is associated with therapy-resistant disease in bladder cancer. 15,16 hCG␤ is encoded by a cluster of six genes, of which the three so-called type II genes (hCG␤ 3/9, 5, and 8) have been shown to be up-regulated in relation to type I genes (hCG␤ 6/7) in some malignant tumors, 17 whereas type I genes can be expressed in normal tissues. 18 The protein products of these genes differ only by one amino acid, residue 117, which in type I genes is encoded as alanine and in type II genes as aspartate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β-Subunit Type I Genes Predicts Adverse Outcome In Renal Cell Carcinoma

Hotakainen

Lintula

Ljungberg

et al. 2006

The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Expression of the free ␤-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG␤) in malignant tumors is frequently associated with aggressive disease. The pretreatment serum concentration of hCG␤ is an independent prognostic variable in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The three so-called type II genes (hCG␤ 3/9, 5, and 8) have been shown to be up-regulated in relation to type I genes (hCG␤ 6/7) in some malignant tumors. We developed a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method for quantification of relative levels of the mRNAs for the two types of hCG␤ genes and studied the association between the expression in RCC tissue (n ‫؍‬ 104) and clinical outcome. hCG␤ mRNA expression was detected in 40% (42 of 104) of the tumors, and in 40 of these (93%), this consisted of hCG␤ type I mRNA only, whereas type II hCG␤ mRNA was detected in two samples. hCG␤ mRNA expression was significantly associated with a shorter diseasespecific (log-rank P ‫؍‬ 0.023; median survival 1.4 versus 7.9 years) and overall survival (log-rank P ‫؍‬ 0.011). In a Cox regression model, stage (P < 0.0001) and hCG␤ mRNA expression (P < 0.0001) were independent prognostic variables. We conclude that expression of type I hCG␤ genes indicates adverse prognosis in

show abstract

Human chorionic gonadotrophin expression and histological findings as predictors of response to radiotherapy in carcinoma of the bladder

Cited by 74 publications

References 9 publications

Expression of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin by non-trophoblastic non-endocrine 'normal' and malignant epithelial cells

Expression of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin by non-trophoblastic non-endocrine 'normal' and malignant epithelial cells

Overexpression of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β Genes 3, 5 and 8 in Tumor Tissue and Urinary Cells of Bladder Cancer Patients

Expression Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β-Subunit Type I Genes Predicts Adverse Outcome In Renal Cell Carcinoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Human chorionic gonadotrophin expression and histological findings as predictors of response to radiotherapy in carcinoma of the bladder

Cited by 74 publications

References 9 publications

Expression of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin by non-trophoblastic non-endocrine 'normal' and malignant epithelial cells

Expression of beta human chorionic gonadotrophin by non-trophoblastic non-endocrine 'normal' and malignant epithelial cells

Overexpression of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin &beta; Genes 3, 5 and 8 in Tumor Tissue and Urinary Cells of Bladder Cancer Patients

Expression Of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β-Subunit Type I Genes Predicts Adverse Outcome In Renal Cell Carcinoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Overexpression of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin β Genes 3, 5 and 8 in Tumor Tissue and Urinary Cells of Bladder Cancer Patients