Human-Centric Lighting Research and Policy in the Melanopsin Age

Abstract

Beyond visual function, specialized light-sensitive retinal circuits involving the photopigment melanopsin drive critical aspects of human physiology and behavior, including sleep–wake rhythms, hormone production, mood, and cognition. Fundamental discoveries of visual neurobiology dating back to the 1990s have given rise to strong interest from the lighting industry in optimizing lighting to benefit health. Consequently, evidence-based recommendations, regulations, and policies need to translate current knowledge of neurobiology into practice. Here, reviewing recent advances in understanding of NIF circuits in humans leads to proposed strategies to optimize electric lighting. Highlighted knowledge gaps must be addressed urgently, as well as the challenge of developing personalized, adaptive NIF lighting interventions accounting for complex individual differences in physiology, behavior, and environment. Finally, lighting equity issues appear in the context of marginalized groups, who have traditionally been underserved in research on both fundamental visual processes and applied lighting. Biologically optimal light is a fundamental environmental right.

Designing for Sensory Adaptation: What You See Depends on What You’ve Been Looking at - Recommendations, Guidelines and Standards Should Reflect This

“…Adaptation might also mask environmental conditions that are potentially unhealthy, simply because people become perceptually dulled to them. For example, high flicker rates or exposures to certain light regimens can be uncomfortable or have health consequences (Spitschan & Joyce, 2023; Wilkins, 2016), and adapting to such stimuli could affect how noticeable they are without necessarily changing their physiological consequences (Yoshimoto et al, 2019).…”