Human capital and international knowledge spillovers in TFP growth of a sample of developing countries: an exploration of alternative approaches

Engelbrecht, Hans‐Jürgen

doi:10.1080/00036840110061947

Cited by 68 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The size of the spillover effect has been found to depend on the absorptive capacity of the industry or country however. A number of studies confirm that increases in human capital augment absorptive capacity and enhance productivity Productivity Effects of Knowledge Spillovers resulting from Labour Mobility (2013) 3 gains resulting from spillover effects (for developing countries see Engelbrecht 2002, Falvey et al 2007and Wang 2007 and for OECD countries see Engelbrecht 1997 andFrantzen 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productivity effects of knowledge transfers through labour mobility

Foster‐McGregor

Pöschl

2016

J Prod Anal

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The paper addresses the link between productivity and labour mobility. The hypothesis tested is that technology is transmitted across industries through the movement of skilled workers embodying human capital. The embodied knowledge is then diffused within the new environment creating spillovers and leading to productivity improvements. The empirical analysis is based on household survey and industry-level data for a sample of 12 EU countries covering the years 1995-2005. The estimates document the importance of positive cross-sectoral knowledge spillovers and indicate that labour mobility has considerable beneficial effects on industry productivity. Possible endogeneity problems related to labour mobility are tackled by employing a two stage instrumental variables approach. Moreover we show that the spillover effects vary considerably by technology level of the giving industry. While workers moving away from high and medium-tech industries are found to produce positive productivity effects for the receiving industry, no effect is found for those coming from low-tech industries. JEL:J24, J60, O47 Keywords: Knowledge Spillovers, Labour Mobility, Productivity, Human Capital, Industry Level Productivity Effects of Knowledge Transfers through Labour Mobility AbstractThe paper addresses the link between productivity and labour mobility. The hypothesis tested is that technology is transmitted across industries through the movement of skilled workers embodying human capital. The embodied knowledge is then diffused within the new environment creating spillovers and leading to productivity improvements. The empirical analysis is based on household survey and industry-level data for a sample of 12 EU countries covering the years 1995-2005. The estimates document positive cross-sectoral knowledge spillovers and indicate that labour mobility has considerable beneficial effects on industry productivity. Possible endogeneity problems related to labour mobility are tackled by employing a two stage instrumental variables approach. Moreover we show that the spillover effects vary considerably by technology level of the giving industry. While workers moving away from high and medium-tech industries are found to produce positive productivity effects for the receiving industry, no effect is found for those coming from low-tech industries. JEL ClassificationJ24, J60, O47

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Productivity effects of knowledge transfers through labour mobility

Foster‐McGregor

Pöschl

2016

J Prod Anal

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“…In effect, Lucas expanded the concept of capital by treating HC like any other factor of production, where the unexplained growth rate was due to differences in the accumulation of HC over time. The second, NelsonPhelps/Romer approach, asserts that the existing HC stock of a country determines its ability to replicate and adjust new technologies which ultimately leads to sustained growth (Engelbrecht, 2002;Krueger and Lindhal, 2001). 8 For Nelson and Phelps therefore, the key was the role of educated managers, whom they theorised, would make good innovators and speed technological diffusion by introducing new production techniques .…”

Section: Approaches To Hc Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human capital: the history, measurement and impact on nations from an economic perspective

Zuhair

Natoli

2012

IJVCM

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This paper reviews human capital with special reference to its definition, measurement methods, and its contribution to economic growth and development. Vast amount of effort has been spent on the acquisition of knowledge and its application to enhancing living standards. A formal approach to this topic, however, was developed only during the past 300 years. The increasing importance placed on knowledge, accelerated by the rapid development of information technologies, has necessitated the development of new approaches to assess the role of HC. The increasing role of HC on development is evidenced by the high growth rates achieved by certain resource-poor countries. Sound theoretical framework and measures are required in order to articulate effective policies and assess their impact on growth and development.

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“…There is also evidence that the most effective policies to promote knowledge spillovers differ depending on the "receiving" country's distance from the knowledge frontier. Benhabib and Spiegel (1994) and Engelbrecht (1997Engelbrecht ( , 2000 find that human capital formation is relatively more important for developing countries far from the technological frontier, whereas investing in R&D grows in importance for countries closer to the frontier. This is consistent with the view that it is increasingly difficult for countries to sustain high growth through adoption and imitation alone as they approach the technological frontier.…”

Section: Eib Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovation and Economic Growth

Uppenberg

2009

SSRN Journal

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Human capital and international knowledge spillovers in TFP growth of a sample of developing countries: an exploration of alternative approaches

Cited by 68 publications

References 27 publications

Productivity effects of knowledge transfers through labour mobility

Productivity effects of knowledge transfers through labour mobility

Human capital: the history, measurement and impact on nations from an economic perspective

Innovation and Economic Growth

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