Human Brucellosis in Northwest Ecuador: Typifying<i>Brucella</i>spp., Seroprevalence, and Associated Risk Factors

Ron-Román, Jorge; Ron, Lenin; Abatih, Emmanuel; Celi-Erazo, Maritza; Vizcaíno-Ordóñez, Laura; Calva-Pacheco, Jaime; González-Andrade, Pablo; Berkvens, Dirk; Benítez‐Ortiz, Washington; Brandt, Jef; Frétin, David; Saegerman, Claude

doi:10.1089/vbz.2012.1191

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A limitation of our study was its cross-sectional design, which did not allow a comparison of the acute serum with convalescent serum from the same patients which would have been useful in our interpretation of results. Contrary to results from previous studies in Tanzania and Asia, our findings have demonstrated a higher prevalence of presumptive and confirmed leptospirosis, brucellosis and UTI [ 2 , 11 , 13 , 37 , 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Bacterial Febrile Illnesses in Children in Kilosa District, Tanzania

et al. 2015

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IntroductionBacterial etiologies of non-malaria febrile illnesses have significantly become important due to high mortality and morbidity, particularly in children. Despite their importance, there are few reports on the epidemiology of these diseases in Tanzania, and the true burden of such illnesses remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of leptospirosis, brucellosis, typhoid fever and urinary tract infections and their rate of co-infections with malaria.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at Kilosa district hospital in Tanzania for 6 months. Febrile children aged from 2–13 years were recruited from the outpatient department. Patients were screened by serological tests such as IgM and IgG ELISA, and microscopic agglutination test.ResultsA total of 370 patients were enrolled; of these 85 (23.0%) had malaria parasites, 43 (11.6%) had presumptive acute leptospirosis and 26/200 (13%) had confirmed leptospirosis. Presumptive acute brucellosis due to B. abortus was identified among 26 (7.0%) of patients while B. melitensis was detected in 57 (15.4%) of the enrolled patients. Presumptive typhoid fever due to S. Typhi was identified in thirty eight (10.3%) of the participants and 69 (18.6%) had urinary tract infections. Patients presented with similar symptoms; therefore, the identification of these diseases could not be done based on clinical ground alone. Co-infections between malaria and bacterial febrile illnesses were observed in 146 patients (39.5%). Although antibacterials and/or anti-malarials were prescribed in most patients, some patients did not receive the appropriate treatment.ConclusionThe study has underscored the importance of febrile bacterial diseases including zoonoses such as leptospirosis and brucellosis in febrile children, and thus such illnesses should be considered by clinicians in the differential diagnoses of febrile diseases. However, access to diagnostic tests for discrimination of febrile illnesses is needed. This would allow febrile patients to receive the correct diagnoses and facilitation of accurate and prompt treatment.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Bacterial Febrile Illnesses in Children in Kilosa District, Tanzania

et al. 2015

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“…In 2013 a paper was published demonstrating significant space-time clustering found in the northern and southern highlands and parts of Ecuadorian Amazonia. In Ecuador in 2014 a study was published which showed that dairy products were a way of transmitting this zoonotic diseases [ 25 , 26 ]. Also in 2014 a study was published estimating that the seroprevalence is 1.88% in Ecuador in general but higher in rural areas [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Tropical Neglected Diseases in Ecuador in the Last 20 Years

Gestal¹,

Holban

Escalante

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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BackgroundTropical and zoonotic diseases are major problems in developing countries like Ecuador. Poorly designed houses, the high proportion of isolated indigenous population and under developed infrastructure represent a fertile environment for vectors to proliferate. Control campaigns in Ecuador over the years have had varying success, depending on the disease and vectors targeted.AimsIn our study we analyse the current situation of some neglected diseases in Ecuador and the efficiency of the control campaigns (by measuring changes in numbers of cases reported) that the Ecuadorian government has been running to limit the spread of these infectious and parasitic diseases.ResultsOur study reveals that Brucellosis, Chagas Disease, Rabies and Onchocerciasis have been controlled, but small outbreaks are still detected in endemic areas. Leptospirosis and Echinococcosis have been increasing steadily in recent years in Ecuador since the first records. The same increase has been reported world-wide also. Better diagnosis has resulted in a higher number of cases being identified, particularly with regard to the linking of outdoor activities and contact with farm animals as contributing vectors. Improvements in diagnosis are due to regular professional training, implementation of automatized systems, establishing diagnosis protocols and the creation of an epidemiological vigilance network that acts as soon as a case is reported.ConclusionControl campaigns performed in Ecuador have been successful in recent years, although natural phenomena limit their efficiency. Leptospirosis and Echinococcosis infections remain a growing problem in Ecuador as it is worldwide.

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“…Por otro lado, otros autores señalan que la infección es independiente del sexo (Matope et al, 2011). Se ha reportado, además, que los toros sin infección tienen muy poca probabilidad de infectarse a través de la monta (Rodríguez et al, 2005), aspecto que pudiera explicar los resultados encontrados.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Brucelosis Bovina en la Provincia Manabí, Ecuador. Estudio de los Factores de Riesgo

Aguayo

Ruano

Villafuerte

2016

Rev. investig. vet. Perú

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RESUMENSe realizó un estudio epidemiológico transversal para determinar los factores de riesgo de los animales y de los hatos asociados a brucelosis bovina. Se seleccionaron 2369 bovinos de la provincia Manabí, Ecuador; asimismo, se realizó un estudio epidemiológico de tipo ecológico, donde se seleccionaron 20 hatos positivos (casos) y 20 hatos negativos (controles) a brucelosis. En ambos estudios se aplicó una encuesta epidemiológica para determinar los principales factores de riesgo asociados a la presentación de la enfermedad. El estudio individual determinó un mayor riesgo de padecer la enfermedad para los animales mayores de 5 años (p<0.0001) y para hembras (p<0.05). En los hatos, las ganaderías dedicadas a la producción de leche (p<0.05), las que no investigan en ganado antes de ingresar a sus predios (p<0.05) y las que no vacunan (p<0.001) presentan un mayor riesgo de afectarse por la enfermedad. Se comprobó, además, una mayor probabilidad de presentación de abortos en ganaderías afectadas por brucelosis que en las no afectadas (p<0.02). Se concluye que hay un mayor riesgo a presentar la enfermedad en animales mayores de 5 años y en fincas dedicadas a la producción de leche, en las que no investigan el estado sanitario de los bovinos que ingresan a la finca y en las que no vacunan contra la enfermedad.Palabras clave: Brucella sp, abortos, estudio epidemiológico, factores de riesgo, Ecuador

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Human Brucellosis in Northwest Ecuador: TypifyingBrucellaspp., Seroprevalence, and Associated Risk Factors

Cited by 25 publications

References 29 publications

Prevalence of Bacterial Febrile Illnesses in Children in Kilosa District, Tanzania

Prevalence of Bacterial Febrile Illnesses in Children in Kilosa District, Tanzania

Epidemiology of Tropical Neglected Diseases in Ecuador in the Last 20 Years

Brucelosis Bovina en la Provincia Manabí, Ecuador. Estudio de los Factores de Riesgo

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