Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Promote Bone Regeneration in a Xenogeneic Rabbit Model: A Preclinical Study

Abstract

Significant research efforts have been undertaken during the last decades to treat musculoskeletal disorders and improve patient's mobility and quality of life. The goal is the return of function as quickly and completely as possible. Cellular therapy has been increasingly employed in this setting. The design of this study was focused on cell-based alternatives. The present study aimed at investigating the bone regeneration capacity of xenogeneic human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSC) implantation with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) granules in an immunocompetent rabbit model of critical-size bone defects at the femoral condyles. Two experimental groups, TCP and hMSC + TCP, were compared. Combination of TCP and hMSC did not affect cell viability or osteogenic differentiation. We also observed significantly higher bone regeneration in vivo in the hMSC + TCP group, which also displayed better TCP osteointegration. Also, evidence of hMSC contribution to a better TCP osteointegration was noticed. Finally, no inflammatory reaction was detected, besides the xenotransplantation of human cells into an immunocompetent recipient. In summary, hMSC combined with TCP granules is a potential combination for bone regeneration purposes that provides better preclinical results compared to TCP alone.

New bioresorbable wraps based on oxidized polyvinyl alcohol and leukocyte-fibrin-platelet membrane to support peripheral nerve neurorrhaphy: preclinical comparison versus NeuraWrap

“…Referring to LFPm wraps, these data are in accordance with the literature on matter. In fact, the LFPm are made of fibrin meshes, platelets and mesenchymal stem cell populations which are highly immuno-tolerated 29,30 without causing rejection, necrosis or suppuration in the implantation site or in the surrounding tissues following implantation 31–35 . Controlling the inflammatory response at the suture-site influences injury-repair; it allows the nerve fibers for both faster crossing of neurorrhaphy site and regeneration of the early axons 36 .…”

Mechanism of Action of Icariin in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…The bone marrow is then cultured in vitro and subcultured to the third passage. As for human BMSCs, the proximal femur or posterior iliac crest is the common part from which to extract human bone marrow [30, 32, 33, 35]. The bone marrow is cultured in vitro and usually cultured to the third passage [33].…”

Long Noncoding RNA H19 Participates in the Regulation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Cartilage Differentiation

“…BMSCs became well known by the end of the 1990s for their ability to propagate under tissue culture conditions and to differentiate in vitro into osteogenic cells [2, 3]. This regenerative ability favored their use in bone tissue engineering [4, 5]. However, difficulties in accessibility and insufficient numbers limit the use of BMSCs.…”