Human antibody response during sepsis against targets expressed by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Lorenz, U

doi:10.1016/s0928-8244(00)00199-1

Cited by 36 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…SERP0318 is also similar to S. aureus Sle1 (46% identical), which is an autolysin with Nacetylmuramyl-L-alanine amidase activity (27). SERP2263 also appears to contain an N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase as well as a transglycosylase domain, while IsaA is annotated as a transglycosylase, and both are known virulence factors (35,56). Secreted proteases play an important role in virulence by scavenging nutrients in the form of short peptides, processing other extracellular bacterial proteins, and degrading host proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Type I Signal Peptidase and Protein Secretion inStaphylococcus epidermidis

et al. 2011

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Bacterial protein secretion is a highly orchestrated process that is essential for infection and virulence. Despite extensive efforts to predict or experimentally detect proteins that are secreted, the characterization of the bacterial secretome has remained challenging. A central event in protein secretion is the type I signal peptidase (SPase)-mediated cleavage of the N-terminal signal peptide that targets a protein for secretion via the general secretory pathway, and the arylomycins are a class of natural products that inhibit SPase, suggesting that they may be useful chemical biology tools for characterizing the secretome. Here, using an arylomycin derivative, along with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we identify 11 proteins whose secretion from stationary-phase Staphylococcus epidermidis is dependent on SPase activity, 9 of which are predicted to be translated with canonical N-terminal signal peptides. In addition, we find that the presence of extracellular domains of lipoteichoic acid synthase (LtaS) and the ␤-lactam response sensor BlaR1 in the medium is dependent on SPase activity, suggesting that they are cleaved at noncanonical sites within the protein. In all, the data define the proteins whose stationaryphase secretion depends on SPase and also suggest that the arylomycins should be valuable chemical biology tools for the study of protein secretion in a wide variety of different bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Type I Signal Peptidase and Protein Secretion inStaphylococcus epidermidis

et al. 2011

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“…We have also shown that another important antigenic protein, IsaA (immunodominant staphylococcal antigen), is probably regulated by the YycG/YycF system as well. Although the putative function of this protein is still unknown, the high rate of antibodies raised against IsaA and found during sepsis caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus shows that this protein is expressed at a high rate during infection, which could suggest a putative role in colonizing host tissues (25). Although it has to be verified, three other genes encoding potential virulence factors implicated in interactions with the host extracellular matrix may also be regulated by YycG/YycF.…”

Section: See Materials and Methods) His-tagged Yycf Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Genes Controlled by the Essential YycG/YycF Two-Component System ofStaphylococcus aureus

2004

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“…An inspection of the genome sequence in the vicinity of arcC reveals the presence of a putative virulence factor, clumping factor B (clfB), approximately 1 kb downstream of arcC, and two further putative virulence factors, aureolysin (aur) (29) and isaB, approximately 6 kb upstream of this locus. clfB is known to be associated with the cell wall (25,26), and isaB is known to elicit an immune response (18); both of these genes probably encode proteins that are exposed to the host immune response and hence are likely to be subject to diversifying selection. Recombinational replacements within these genes, selected as they introduce genetic diversity, will frequently extend into flanking genes and may influence the sequence evolution of arcC.…”

Section: Delineation Of Clonal Groups and A Comparison Of Isolates Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Clonal Is Staphylococcus aureus ?

et al. 2003

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Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen and represents a growing public health burden owing to the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant clones, particularly within the hospital environment. Despite this, basic questions about the evolution and population biology of the species, particularly with regard to the extent and impact of homologous recombination, remain unanswered. We address these issues through an analysis of sequence data obtained from the characterization by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) of 334 isolates of S. aureus, recovered from a well-defined population, over a limited time span. We find no significant differences in the distribution of multilocus genotypes between strains isolated from carriers and those from patients with invasive disease; there is, therefore, no evidence from MLST data, which index variation within the stable "core" genome, for the existence of hypervirulent clones of this pathogen. Examination of the sequence changes at MLST loci during clonal diversification shows that point mutations give rise to new alleles at least 15-fold more frequently than does recombination. This contrasts with the naturally transformable species Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae, in which alleles change between 5-and 10-fold more frequently by recombination than by mutation. However, phylogenetic analysis suggests that homologous recombination does contribute toward the evolution of this species over the long term. Finally, we note a striking excess of nonsynonymous substitutions in comparisons between isolates belonging to the same clonal complex compared to isolates belonging to different clonal complexes, suggesting that the removal of deleterious mutations by purifying selection may be relatively slow.Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive pathogen responsible for a wide range of human disease, including septicemia; endocarditis and pneumonia; and wound, bone, and joint infections. Although the vast majority of infections by S. aureus result in asymptomatic carriage, this species nevertheless represents a serious public health burden, particularly in the hospital setting, where clones resistant to methicillin and other classes of antibiotics are endemic and insensitivity to vancomycin is on the increase. Although S. aureus is considered to be an opportunistic pathogen, it is possible that certain clones are more prone to cause invasive disease than are others, due to the presence of virulence factors that increase their chance of gaining access to normally sterile sites. Although many putative virulence factors have been identified in the S. aureus genome (17), the differences in pathogenic potential between naturally occurring isolates remain largely unaddressed.The extent to which homologous recombination contributes to the emergence and subsequent diversification of clones is also at present unclear, although this question has important implications both for the choice of the most appropriate typing strategy for effective epidemiological surveilla...

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Human antibody response during sepsis against targets expressed by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

Type I Signal Peptidase and Protein Secretion inStaphylococcus epidermidis

Type I Signal Peptidase and Protein Secretion inStaphylococcus epidermidis

Identification of Genes Controlled by the Essential YycG/YycF Two-Component System ofStaphylococcus aureus

How Clonal Is Staphylococcus aureus ?

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