Human and soil exposure during mechanical chlorpyrifos, myclobutanil and copper oxychloride application in a peach orchard in Argentina

Berenstein, Giselle Anahí; Nasello, Soledad; Beiguel, Érica; Flores, Pedro Agustín; Schiena, Johanna Di; Basack, Silvana; Hughes, Enrique A.; Zalts, Anita; Montserrat, Javier M.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.129

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The documented misuse of pesticides in agricultural production and food production is a real threat to the food security, especially for those of reproductive age and pregnant women, since the most vulnerable period in human life is during pregnancy and early childhood [18]. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive assessment of exposures in areas of the Southern Hemisphere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the agricultural profile of South American countries and the inherent practice of pesticide utilisation, mismanagement of the latter constitutes an important environmental problem for this continent [18]. Furthermore, widespread land degradation and deforestation have taken place in productive areas as a consequence of poor governance and lack of plans for using natural resources [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Argentinian mother-and-child contaminant study: a cross-sectional study among delivering women in the cities of Ushuaia and Salta

Økland

Odland

Matiocevich³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Several ongoing international multidisciplinary projects have examined linkages between environmental chemicals and health. In contrast to Arctic regions, information for the Southern Hemisphere is scarce. Because of the inherent practice of pesticide utilisation and mismanagement, food security is potentially threatened. The most vulnerable period in human life occurs during pregnancy and early childhood, thus a focus on the body burdens of PTS in pregnant or delivering women is warranted. The current study was designed to investigate health risks related to exposure to PTS and food security in two regions of Argentina (Ushuaia and Salta). Our aims were to quantify concentrations of organic and inorganic toxins in serum or whole blood of delivering women and to collect pertinent dietary and medical information. The overall study design, the basic demographic features and essential clinical chemistry findings are described in the current paper. The socioeconomic differences between the two study areas were evident. On average, the women in Ushuaia were 4 years older than those in Salta (28.8 vs. 24.7 years). Respectively, the proportion of current smokers was 4.5 vs. 9.6%; and Salta had a higher birth rate, with 15.6% being para four or more. Saltanean women reported longer breastfeeding periods. Caesarean sections were more frequent in Ushuaia, with 43% of Caesarean deliveries compared with only 6% in Salta. Employment was high in both communities. Recognised environmental pollution sources in the vicinity of participant dwellings were widespread in Salta (56.1%) compared to Ushuaia (9%). The use of pesticides for insect control in homes was most common in Salta (80%). There is an urgent need for a comprehensive assessment of exposures in areas of the Southern Hemisphere. Our data set and the planned publications of observed concentrations of inorganic and organic environmental contaminants in both mothers and their newborns will contribute to this objective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Argentinian mother-and-child contaminant study: a cross-sectional study among delivering women in the cities of Ushuaia and Salta

Økland

Odland

Matiocevich³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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“…Myclobutanil is an inhibitor of ergosterol production in fungus which is essential for the formation of fungal cell walls (Hester et al, 2006). In addition to being detrimental to fungi, myclobutanil can also inhibit cholesterol synthesis in mammals at high doses (Hester et al, 2006;Berenstein et al, 2017). Neither of these compounds have been extensively studied in humans, but what is known about their effects on mammalian systems is cause for concern.…”

Section: Fungicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabis Contaminants Limit Pharmacological Use of Cannabidiol

et al. 2020

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For nearly a century, Cannabis has been stigmatized and criminalized across the globe, but in recent years, there has been a growing interest in Cannabis due to the therapeutic potential of phytocannabinoids. With this emerging interest in Cannabis, concerns have arisen about the possible contaminations of hemp with pesticides, heavy metals, microbial pathogens, and carcinogenic compounds during the cultivation, manufacturing, and packaging processes. This is of particular concern for those turning to Cannabis for medicinal purposes, especially those with compromised immune systems. This review aims to provide types of contaminants and examples of Cannabis contamination using case studies that elucidate the medical consequences consumers risk when using adulterated Cannabis products. Thus, it is imperative to develop universal standards for cultivation and testing of products to protect those who consume Cannabis.

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“…The amount of procymidone on the greenhouse: soil, mulching and on the soil outside the greenhouse (drift), was determined using square (10 cm Â 10 cm) cloth samplers (Berenstein et al, 2017), lined on one side by a polyethylene film to avoid external contamination. For each field trial (E1 to E6), sixteen samplers were randomly located in the greenhouse, eight on the bare soil and the rest on the mulching cover.…”

Section: Drift and Soil Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MOS was measured as previously reported (Berenstein et al, 2017). We considered an absorption factor of 0.11, which includes an effective dermal absorption of 10%, with an additional 1 % added to include the inhaled fraction (Machado-Neto et al, 2000).…”

Section: Mos Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human exposure and mass balance distribution during procymidone application in horticultural greenhouses

Friedrichs

Berenstein

Nasello

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of procymidone application in periurban horticultural greenhouses, especially on workers (applicators and assistants) and soil and plastic mulching, when mechanically pressurized application systems were employed. The mean Potential Dermal Exposure (PDE) was measured using the Whole Body Dosimetry technique. The PDE for the applicators was 188 mL h À1 AE 103 mL h À1 , and 14.7 mL h À1 AE 6.3 mL h À1 for the assistants. In the first case, the most exposed body sections were the upper right and left (46.8 mL h À1 AE 23.4 mL h À1 ; 47.0 mL h À1 AE 23.5 mL h À1 ) and lower (20.8 mL h À1 AE 10.4 mL h À1 ; 17.3 mL h À1 AE 8.7 mL h À1 ) legs, while in the case of assistants, hands and legs were the most impacted limbs. Regarding the Margin of Safety (MOS) during the mix and load stage, two of three pesticide preparations resulted unsafe, while for the applicators, six of six spraying operations were unsafe. For the assistants, five of five operations were safe, but three of them were close to the safety limit.Procymidone distribution between drift (0.03% AE 0.07 %), applicator (0.20% AE 0.15 %), polyethylene mulching (8.5% AE 4.5 %) and soil (3.0% AE 1.1 %) was determined with respect to the total pesticide applied. Procymidone soil impact was also evaluated using Eisenia andrei behavioral tests, finding positive correlations between procymidone application and avoidance and reproduction tests.

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Human and soil exposure during mechanical chlorpyrifos, myclobutanil and copper oxychloride application in a peach orchard in Argentina

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

The Argentinian mother-and-child contaminant study: a cross-sectional study among delivering women in the cities of Ushuaia and Salta

The Argentinian mother-and-child contaminant study: a cross-sectional study among delivering women in the cities of Ushuaia and Salta

Cannabis Contaminants Limit Pharmacological Use of Cannabidiol

Human exposure and mass balance distribution during procymidone application in horticultural greenhouses

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