Human age estimation based on pulp volume of canines for chronological age estimation: Preliminary research

Abstract

Introduction: Age estimation has an important role in the process of human identification and needs to be performed in an efficient, fast, and accurate ways. Age estimation based on the pulp cavity volume of canines was referring to the theory stated that the apposition of secondary dentine during human life could be determined as an age indicator. This study was aimed to estimate the human age based on the pulp volume of canines for chronological estimation. Methods: Forty-one canine teeth from Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) 3D image sample from Dental Hospital of the Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Padjadjaran segmented into dental pulp and enamel were prepared for measurement of pulp volume using the ITK SNAP volumetric software. Descriptive analysis of pulp volume and regression equations were generated from regression analysis of pulp volume and tested for age estimation. Result: Dentine thickness was found to be increased from adolescence age range until adulthood age range. Logarithmic regression between pulp volume was statistically significant (p < 0,001). The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.753 with a standard deviation of 8.421. Mathematics model for estimating age was: Age = 79.523 – (18.194 x ln(Pulp Volume)). The pulp cavity and dentine thickness were decreasing along the age. The same equation was also used in the same sample. There were several differences between chronological age and estimated age approximately 8.4 years following the regression result of R2 (75.3%). The rest of the sample (24.7%) have a big difference, and this could be affected by modifying variables such as occlusal force and human error measurement procedures. Conclusion: The human age can be estimated by the pulp volume of canines.Keywords: Age estimation, pulp volume, canine, ITK-SNAP, CBCT.

The accuracy of age estimation from pulp chamber/crown volume ratio of canines obtained by cone beam computed tomography images: an Egyptian study

“…Some previous studies which evaluated age estimation from the canine's pulp volume in some countries and populations displayed regression models with lower coefficients of determination including studies in France (R 2 varied between 0.32 and 0.47) (Tardivo et al 2011), Indonesia (R 2 = 75.3%) (Hidayat et al 2018), and India (R 2 = 75.5%) (Jagannathan et al (2011), as well as studies in subjects of Pakistani origin (R 2 = 0.33) (Kazmi et al 2019) and Egyptians (pulp volume of mandibular canines) (R 2 = 75.5%) (Elmoazen et al 2017).…”

Dental Age Estimation of Indonesian Population : A Literature Review

“…The age coverage of the most study was young adult and children (71%) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . Only three studies which involved age range more than 25 years [21][22][23] . The youngest age of population involved in the studies was 4 years and the oldest was 73 years 11,22,23 .…”

“…Only three studies which involved age range more than 25 years [21][22][23] . The youngest age of population involved in the studies was 4 years and the oldest was 73 years 11,22,23 . There is one study which did not specifically mentioned the age range information 24 .…”

“…The most age estimation method applied in Indonesian population was Demirjian's method, with or without modification (35.71%) 11,12,15,16,21 , followed by TCI-Benindra's method (21.42%) [18][19][20] , and the other methods (7.14%-13%), as presented in Figure 1. Panoramic radiograph was the most used sample for the studies (53%) 11,12,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]23 , followed by clinical examination (17%) 13,14,24 , periapical radiograph (12%) 18,19 , lateral cephalometric radiograph (12%) 18,19 , and CBCT (6%) 22 (Figure 2).…”

<strong>Correlation between human chronological age and dentin volume of maxillary canine</strong>

“…This causes a reduction in the size of the pulp chamber space with age. [12][13][14] A study conducted by Arora et al 15 , showed that the decreasing size of the pulp chamber with age is due to the formation of secondary dentine. 15 Andrade et al 12 conducted a study on the correlation between age and sex based on pulp chamber volume.…”