Human Adrenal Cortex After Administration of Acth and Cortisone

O'DONNELL, WARD M.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1951.03810070038005

Cited by 50 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…(range 7 * 5-27 * 5) in normal subjects, and in cases of arthritis who had not received corticosteroids or ACTH Greig, Browning, Boyle, and Maxwell (1966) found the mean rise to be 16-3 ,ug./100 ml. The marked increase in adrenal responsiveness seen in our patients agrees with the increased response to ACTH infusion reported by Reed, Clayman, and Palmer (1964) in patients treated with prolonged ACTH, and is compatible with the hypertrophy of the adrenal glands induced by such treatment (O'Donnell, Fajans, and Weinbaum, 1951). By contrast, Nelson and others (1966) showed that patients who have received ACTH only once, twice, or thrice weekly do not show an enhanced response to Synacthen.…”

Section: Synacthen Testsupporting

confidence: 90%

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in patients on long-term adrenocorticotrophin therapy.

Bacon¹,

Daly²,

Myles³

et al. 1968

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

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Section: Synacthen Testsupporting

confidence: 90%

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in patients on long-term adrenocorticotrophin therapy.

Bacon¹,

Daly²,

Myles³

et al. 1968

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

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“…This increased release of cortisol subsided as a rule after withdrawal of treatment, although a few subjects responded with high levels after one year. Enhanced response to ACTH-stimulation has been previously reported after long-term treatment with ACTH (6,20), and adrenocortical hypertrophy has been found during ACTH treatment (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Long‐term Treatment with Corticosteroids/ACTH in Asthmatic Children

1986

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Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function was studied in 23 children with severe bronchial asthma during and after long-term treatment with prednisolone and/or ACTH1-24 depot tetracosactrin) by means of ACTH stimulation test and insulin tolerance test. In the 14 children primarily treated with depot tetracosactrin, the cortisol levels in insulin tests were within normal limits both during and after treatment. An enhanced response to ACTH stimulation was found during the treatment period. During treatment with prednisolone a marked impairment of the adrenocortical function was found, with low basal plasma cortisol levels and subnormal response to ACTH stimulation, more marked the lower the age at the start of treatment and the higher the dose per kg body weight. After substitution with depot tetracosactrin the HPA-function was restituted, with plasma cortisol levels within normal limits. Growth hormone levels after insulin induced hypoglycemia were greater than or equal to 7 ng/ml during and after treatment with depot tetracosactrin. As long-term treatment with depot tetracosactrin has little side-effects in terms of suppression of the HPA-axis it is a useful alternative to oral prednisolone in severe asthma in children.

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“…However, Sokoloff, Sharp, and Kaufman (1951) reported no histological abnormality in the adrenals of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who had received 16-7 g. cortisone, and died 19 days after steroid therapy was discontinued. O'Donnell, Fajans, and Weinbaum (1951) reported evidence of the reversibility of adrenal atrophy in a man with generalized scleroderma who received 1,050 mg. cortisone during a 12-day period, but who had received none for 17 days prior to necropsy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery from Structural Changes Produced in Adrenal Glands of the Rat by Administration of Cortisone

Patterson¹,

Siegel²,

Freyberg³

1953

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

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In order to determine how cortisone might be used with the greatest practical value as a therapeutic agent for patients with a chronic illness such as rheumatoid arthritis, clinical studies were undertaken to observe the result of relatively small doses with definite anti-rheumatic effect given over a period of one year or more. As judged by clinical findings, some patients with rheumatoid arthritis tolerated well the prolonged use of cortisone, while others did not. Laboratory tests to determine the responsiveness of the human adrenal gland to stimulation by carticotropin, shortly after discontinuance of prolonged cortisone treatment, showed a satisfactory physiological response in the majority of the patients. In parallel with these observations, animal studies were conducted to determine whether daily injections of cortisone acetate for a period of time comparable to one year in man would produce irreversible structural changes in the rat adrenal gland.Method of Study Material.-Albino rats of the Sherman strain, 3 months old, were used. All animals were obtained from the dealer at the same time. The female rats weighed 190 to 240 g., and the males 190 to 260 g. All rats were housed under the same conditions and were given water and a complete Rockland stock diet ad libitum, with the exception that in one series food was restricted to provide undernourished control animals. The cortisone acetate used in these studies was the usual suspension (25 mg./ml.) injected intramuscularly into arthritic patients. The diluent employed for control was the vehicle used by the manufacturer for suspending the cortisone acetate, a saline solution containing suspending agents and 1 *5 per cent. benzyl alcohol.Experimental Animals.-Intramuscular injections of cortisone acetate were given to 25 male and 25 female rats. On the first day they received 9 mg. cortisone acetate in 0 6 ml. of the suspending vehicle, and on each of the succeeding 10 days each rat received 3 mg. steroid in 0-2 ml. vehicle. The total amount of cortisone acetate given during this 1 1-day injection period was 39 mg. to each rat. The daily dose of 3 mg. was calculated to be ten times the equivalent of a human daily dose of 100 mg., based on comparative average body weights. Control animals were also injected for 11 days, subsequently referred to as "the injection period".The cortisone-treated rats were divided into five groups of ten animals each, with five males and five females in each group. Each, group was killed at different intervals after the last injection: 1, 3 5, 7, 14, and 30 days.Controls.-A group of 66 rats, 33 male and 33 female, used as controls, was divided into three series: Series I, 4 males and 4 females, untreated, served as controls for growth and development over the 41-day period of observation (11 days of injection and 30 days of recovery).Series II, 16 females and 16 males, were injected intramuscularly with the diluent only. These animals received 0 6 ml. diluent on the first day and 0 2 ml. daily on each of the succeeding 10 days...

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Human Adrenal Cortex After Administration of Acth and Cortisone

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in patients on long-term adrenocorticotrophin therapy.

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal function in patients on long-term adrenocorticotrophin therapy.

Long‐term Treatment with Corticosteroids/ACTH in Asthmatic Children

Recovery from Structural Changes Produced in Adrenal Glands of the Rat by Administration of Cortisone

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