Human adipose and synovial mesenchymal stem cells improve osteoarthritis in rats by reducing chondrocyte reactive oxygen species and inhibiting inflammatory response

Abstract

Background We explored the therapeutic effects of Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and Synovial‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (SDMSCs) on osteoarthritis (OA). Methods SDMSCs and ADMSCs were co‐cultured with chondrocytes and stimulated with interleukin (IL)‐1β. An OA model was established on rats by intra‐articular injection with ADMSCs and SDMSCs. After 8 weeks, the joint diameter difference was detected, and histological staining was used to observe the pathological changes in cartilage tissue. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expressions of IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and IL‐1β in joint fluid. The expressions of COL2A1, Aggrecan, Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐13, SOX9, IL‐6, TNF‐α and IL‐1β were detected by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting in cartilage tissue. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in cells and cartilage tissues was detected by ROS kit. Results SDMSCs and ADMSCs co‐cultured with chondrocytes could reduce MMP‐13 expression, increase the expressions of COL2A1, Aggrecan and SOX9, as well as reverse the effects of IL‐1β on promoting ROS content and inflammatory factors levels. After the OA model was established, the injection of ADMSCs and SDMSCs reduced the differences in joint diameter and tissue lesions in OA rats. The OA model led to increased levels of IL‐6, TNF‐α and IL‐1β in joint fluid and cartilage tissue, while the injection of ADMSCs and SDMSCs inhibited the inflammatory factor levels in OA rats, and increased the expressions of COL2A1, Aggrecan and SOX9 in OA rats. Conclusion ADMSCs and SDMSCs improve osteoarthritis in rats by reducing chondrocyte ROS and inhibiting inflammatory response.

Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells therapy in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

“…The source of MSC should also be taken into consideration. Typically, MSCs can be isolated from multiple tissues in the body, which exhibit differences in homing and differentiation ability [93][94][95]. A retrieval for registered trials of MSC treatment for COVID-19 was performed (ClinicalTrials.gov).…”

Adipose-derived stem cell-based optimization strategies for musculoskeletal regeneration: recent advances and perspectives

“…The overexpression of SOX proteins enhances the chondrogenic differentiation of ADSCs and promotes cartilage healing [ 69 ]. In addition to chondrogenic differentiation, ADSCs contribute to cartilage regeneration via various mechanisms, including inhibiting chondrocyte pyroptosis [ 107 ], reducing chondrocyte reactive oxygen species production, suppressing inflammatory responses [ 108 ], and promoting ECM synthesis [ 21 ].…”

Single‑cell sequencing, genetics, and epigenetics reveal mesenchymal stem cell senescence in osteoarthritis (Review)

“…The SMSC-derived exosome miR-320c enhanced chondrogenesis by targeting ADAM19, highlighting the potential new mechanism of SMSC in the treatment of OA ( 151 ). Co-culture of ADMSCs and SMSCs with chondrocytes reduced MMP-13 expression, while increasing the expression of COL2A1, ACAN and SOX9, and thus, reversed the IL-1β effect on promoting reactive oxygen species content and inflammatory factor levels ( 152 ). EMSC-exo also had a beneficial therapeutic effect on OA by increasing the expression of COL2 in the cartilage matrix and reducing the expression of ADAMTS5 ( 153 ).…”