Human Adiaspiromycosis: A Case From Argentina

Fielli, Mariano; Ceccato, Adrián; Capece, Paula; Posse, Gladys; Monteverde, Alfredo; González, Alejandra

doi:10.1378/chest.1703865

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Schwartz et al communicated that ITS genes were used initially, followed by 28S rDNA, and further whole genome sequencing was used in the identification of E. africanus isolates [10]. d. Cultures not identified via gene sequencing were (n = 2) [19,28]; author's contact information was not available in both the cases. However, based on phenotypic methods, one study identified the isolate as Emergomyces crescens [19] and Emergomyces species in the other study [28].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…d. Cultures not identified via gene sequencing were (n = 2) [19,28]; author's contact information was not available in both the cases. However, based on phenotypic methods, one study identified the isolate as Emergomyces crescens [19] and Emergomyces species in the other study [28]. Further, two studies identified Emergomyces species with molecular methods; however, speciation was not provided, and the authors were contacted but failed to get a response [24,37].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergomycosis, an Emerging Thermally Dimorphic Fungal Infection: A Systematic Review

Vinayagamoorthy,

Gangavaram,

Skiada

et al. 2023

JoF

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Emergomycosis is an endemic mycosis caused by the Emergomyces species. Infections due to this agent have been reported globally. Hence, the present systematic review on Emergomyces infections was conducted to study the disease epidemiology, underlying diseases and risk factors, causative agents, and treatment and outcome. The MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched systematically with appropriate keywords from January 1990 to October 2022. A total of 77 cases of emergomycosis were included in the analysis. Emergomycosis was most commonly seen in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (n = 61, 79.2%) and HIV-uninfected patients with or without other comorbidities (n = 16, 20.8%). The underlying disease and risk factors significantly associated with emergomycosis in the HIV-infected patients were CD4+ T-cell counts less than 100 cells/mm3 (n = 55, 90.2%), anaemia (n = 30, 49.2%), and thrombocytopenia (n = 17, 27.9%), whereas in the HIV-uninfected patients, treatment with immunosuppressive drugs (n = 10, 62.5%), renal disease (n = 8, 50%), transplant recipients (n = 6, 37.5%), and diabetes mellitus (n = 4, 25%) were the significant risk factors associated with emergomycosis. Emergomyces africanus (n = 55, 71.4%) is the most common causative agent, followed by E. pasteurianus (n = 9, 11.7%) and E. canadensis (n = 5, 6.5%). E. africanus was most often isolated from HIV-infected patients (n = 54, 98.2%), whereas E. pasteurianus was most common in HIV-uninfected patients (n = 5, 55.6%). The all-cause mortality rate of the total cohort is 42.9%. No significant variation in the mortality rate is observed between the HIV-infected patients (n = 28, 36.4%) and the HIV-uninfected patients (n = 5, 6.5%). In conclusion, with an increase in the immunosuppressed population across the globe in addition to HIV infection, the case burden of emergomycosis may increase in the future. Hence, clinicians and mycologists should be vigilant and clinically suspicious of emergomycosis, which helps in early diagnosis and initiation of antifungal treatment to prevent disease mortality.

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