Hugoniot states and optical response of soda lime glass shock compressed to 120 GPa

Abstract

In contrast to relatively pure silica glass (fused silica—FS), commercial silica-rich glasses contain significant fractions of additional oxide components. In particular, soda-lime glass (SLG) consists of approximately 71% SiO2 by weight, which raises the question: what is the effect of additional cations on the shock compression response of silica-rich glasses? To address this question, plate impact experiments were conducted to determine the high-pressure Hugoniot states for shocked SLG (37 to 120 GPa) and compared with recently reported results on FS. Using laser interferometry, particle velocity profiles were measured at the impact surface and at the SLG/LiF window interface. In all experiments, the transmitted profiles show a single shock wave, with no features indicative of a phase transformation. The Hugoniot states determined from the wave profiles are described well using a linear shock velocity–particle velocity relation. Interferometry measurements (using 1550-nm wavelength laser) at the impact surface show that SLG is transparent when shocked to 55 GPa, transparent for tens of nanoseconds after impact between 55 and 81 GPa, and opaque beyond 81 GPa. From impact surface measurements, a linear relationship between the apparent and true particle velocity was observed, resulting in a linear relationship between the refractive index (at 1550 nm) and density. At 120 GPa, the SLG density is nearly twice its ambient value, indicating that SLG can achieve highly dense amorphous states. When compared to FS, shocked SLG is much less compressible and likely does not transform to a crystalline phase. A plausible explanation for this difference is suggested.

Modeling the nanoindentation response of silicate glasses by peridynamic simulations

“…To assess whether the stress that is forming within the glass during indentation (see Figure 8) is intense enough to induce permanent densification, we consider, as a reference, some experimental data obtained by subjecting a soda-lime silicate glass to uniaxial compression. 60 We then replicate this deformation by peridynamic simulation (see Methods), which allows us to a posteriori assess the reliability of our LPS constitutive model. In particular, this allows us to determine at which stress our constitutive model starts to deviate from experimental data, that is, when permanent densification becomes activated within the compressed glass.…”

“…Next, we focus on permanent densification. To assess whether the stress that is forming within the glass during indentation (see Figure 8) is intense enough to induce permanent densification, we consider, as a reference, some experimental data obtained by subjecting a soda‐lime silicate glass to uniaxial compression 60 . We then replicate this deformation by peridynamic simulation (see Methods), which allows us to a posteriori assess the reliability of our LPS constitutive model.…”

“…Simulated data are compared with experimental data from Ref. [60] [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

“…To further validate our constitutive model, we conduct a uniaxial compression simulation of the same soda‐lime silicate glass and compare our simulated data with available experimental results from Ref. [60]. To this end, we simulate an 800 × 800 × 800 nm cubic system and subject it to a uniaxial compression along the Y ‐axis.…”

“…F I G U R E 1 0Computed stress experienced by a soda-lime silicate glass subjected to uniaxial compression as a function of the relative volume V/V 0 (where V 0 is the initial volume). Simulated data are compared with experimental data from Ref [60]. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”