Huge landslide blocks in the growth of piton de la fournaise, La réunion, and Kilauea volcano, Hawaii

Duffield, Wendell A.; Stieltjes, L.; Varet, Jacques

doi:10.1016/0377-0273(82)90009-9

Cited by 159 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…On Tenerife Island, at least four triaxial rift zones formed, defining individual volcanic centers. Similarly, such triaxial centers are known from many other ocean islands such as La Palma and El Hierro (Carracedo et al, 2001), Hawaii Big Island and Maui (Fiske and Jackson, 1972), or Reunion (Duffield et al, 1982). The mechanism of initiation of triaxial rift zones may vary.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Rift zone reorganization through flank instability in ocean island volcanoes: an example from Tenerife, Canary Islands

et al. 2004

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The relationship between rift zones and flank instability in ocean island volcanoes is often inferred but rarely documented. Our field data, aerial image analysis, and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar chronology from Anaga basaltic shield volcano on Tenerife, Canary Islands, support a rift zoneflank instability relationship. A single rift zone dominated the early stage of the Anaga edifice (~6-4.5 Ma). Destabilization of the northern sector led to partial seaward collapse at about~4.5 Ma, resulting in a giant landslide. The remnant highly fractured northern flank is part of the destabilized sector. A curved rift zone developed within and around this unstable sector between 4.5 and 3.5 Ma. Induced by the dilatation of the curved rift, a further rift-arm developed to the south, generating a threearmed rift system. This evolutionary sequence is supported by elastic dislocation models that illustrate how a curved rift zone accelerates flank instability on one side of a rift, and facilitates dike intrusions on the opposite side. Our study demonstrates a feedback relationship between flank instability and intrusive development, a scenario probably common in ocean island volcanoes. We therefore propose that ocean island rift zones represent geologically unsteady structures that migrate and reorganize in response to volcano flank instability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Rift zone reorganization through flank instability in ocean island volcanoes: an example from Tenerife, Canary Islands

et al. 2004

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“…The term 'slump' should be limited to masses of allochthonous material which satisfy all the following criteria; emplacement is slow and progressive, the structure is coherent and relatively undisturbed, and part of the mobile mass remains rooted in the source region. Structures such as the Hilina slump satisfy these criteria; at Piton de la Fournaise, however, these features are probably best exhibited by the subaerial, arcuate scarp-bounded blocks described by Duffield et al (1982), rather than by the submarine deposits.…”

Section: Instability and Failure At Island And Coastal Volcanoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volcano instability: a review of contemporary themes

McGuire

1996

228

187

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Active volcanoes are revealed to be dynamically evolving structures, the growth and development of which are characteristically punctuated by episodes of instability and subsequent structural failure. Edifice instability typically occurs in response to one or more of a range of agencies, including magma emplacement, the overloading or oversteepening of slopes, and peripheral erosion. Similarly, structural failure of a destabilized volcano may occur in response to a number of triggers of which seismogenic (e.g tectonic or volcanic earthquakes) or magmagenic (e.g. pore-pressure changes due to magma intrusion) are common. Edifice failure and consequent debris avalanche formation appears to occur, on average, at least four times a century, and similar behaviour is now known to have occurred at volcanoes on Mars and Venus. Realization of the potential scale of structural failures and associated eruptive activity has major implications for the development of monitoring and hazard mitigation strategies at susceptible volcanoes, which must now address the possibility of future collapse events which may be ten times greater than that which occurred at Mount St Helens in 1980.

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“…Volcanoes of the Canary Islands display numerous horseshoe-shaped valleys that are attributed to giant landslides (Carrecedo, 1994). Similarly, such sector collapse has occurred at Casita volcano in Nicaragua (van Wyk de and on Piton de la Fournaise on Reunion Island (Duffield et al, 1982) producing large amphitheater-shaped scars. In these cases, the volcano flank has been weakened and catastrophically collapses under its own weight into a disaggregated mass.…”

Section: Deformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tharsis Tholus: an unusual martian volcano

Plescia

2003

Icarus

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Tharsis Tholus is unusual martian shield volcano in that the edifice is cut by a series of large normal faults that appear to penetrate the entire volcano. Northeast-trending narrow graben also cut the flank. The large normal faults may be caused by loading of a ductile subsurface layer allowing failure of the edifice; the narrow graben are typical tensional faults. The flank is heavily mantled by aeolian material. Despite the bulbous appearance, the overall morphology of Tharsis Tholus suggests it is a basaltic shield. Crater counts indicate an age of early Hesperian placing Tharsis Tholus in the middle of the period of activity that built the other small Tharsis volcanoes. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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Huge landslide blocks in the growth of piton de la fournaise, La réunion, and Kilauea volcano, Hawaii

Cited by 159 publications

References 7 publications

Rift zone reorganization through flank instability in ocean island volcanoes: an example from Tenerife, Canary Islands

Rift zone reorganization through flank instability in ocean island volcanoes: an example from Tenerife, Canary Islands

Volcano instability: a review of contemporary themes

Tharsis Tholus: an unusual martian volcano

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