Hubungan Pola Asuh Dan Ekspresi Emosi Keluarga Dengan Kekambuhan Pasien Skizofrenia Di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur Surabaya

Abstract

Schizophrenia is classified in severe mental disorders so that the possibility to recover from it is fairly minimal. Based on a study, 80% of schizophrenic patients experienced a relapse from schizophrenia and only about 20% of patients declared recovered on pre-morbid level (Arif, 2006). Many cases of relapse occurred when the patient returned to their family. Some studies suggest that the factor of interaction patterns within the family, such as parenting and emotional expression among the members of family, leads the patients to relapse. This study aims to determine the correlation between parenting and family emotional expression to the relapse of schizophrenic patients of Menur Mental Hospital, Surabaya. This study used a quantitative approach with a correlation method. The samples were 65 families of patients with schizophrenia who were treated at the Menur Mental Hospital, taken by purposive sampling technique. 35 samples are famillies of hospitalized patients and 30 samples are famillies of outpatient. Data analysed using binary logistic. The correlation between the variables measured using significant value of p <0.05 and the Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% Constant Interval (CI). The results shows a significant value of constant is 0.002, a significant value of parenting is 0.001 and significant value of family emotional expression is 0.002. It means that there is a correlation between parenting and family emotional expression with relapse of schizophrenic patients. Family emotional expression was proven as the most variable responsible for the emergence of relapse which affect 16.9 times greater chance of relapse than other variable contribution.Abstrak: Skizofrenia digolongkan dalam gangguan mental berat, sehingga kemungkinan untuk sembuh terbilang kecil. Berdasarkan hasil sebuiah penelitian, sebanyak 80% pasien skizofrenia mengalami kekambuhan berulang dan hanya sekitar 20% pasien dinyatakan pulih pada tingkat premorbid (Arif, 2006). Banyak kasus kekambuhan terjadi ketika pasien dikembalikan kepada keluarga. Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa faktor pola interaksi didalam keluarga menyebabkan kekambuhan, seperti pola asuh dan ekspresi emosi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh dan ekspresi emosi keluarga dengan kekambuhan pasien di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur Surabaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode korelasional. Sampel adalah 65 keluarga dari pasien skizofrenia yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur, diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Sebanyak 35 sampel merupakan keluarga dari pasien rawat inap dan 30 sampel merupakan keluarga dari pasien rawat jalan di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Menur Surabaya. Analisis data menggunakan uji regresi logistik biner. Adanya hubungan antara variabel diukur dengan menggunakan nilai signifikan p<0,05 dan Odds Ratio (OR) dengan interval kepercayaan (CI) 95%. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai signifikan konstanta sebesar 0,002, nilai signifikan pola asuh sebesar 0,001 dan nilai signifikan ekspresi emosi keluarga sebesar 0,002. Hal tersebut berarti bahwa ada hubungan pola asuh dan ekspresi emosi keluarga dengan kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia. Ekspresi emosi keluarga merupakan variabel yang paling berperan terhadap munculnya kekambuhan karena memiliki peluang 16,9 kali lebih besar memunculkan kekambuhan dibandingkan dengan variabel yang lain.

Relationship between Caregiver Burden and Expressed Emotion in Families of Schizophrenic Patients

“…Research conducted by Darwin et al in 2013 in Jakarta showed a significant relationship between the care burden with the expressed emotion in the family of schizophrenic patients (p < 0.001) [6]. The study conducted by Carla and his friends in 2012 in Italy, also shows the great reality in southern Europe that there is a relationship between the expressed emotion of a high caregiver with a subjective burden [10].…”

“…High burden and stress on families who care for patients have been reported subjectively and this has led to the emergence of high emotion. Strong family ties can seem to reduce the care burden that affects family emotion [6]. High expression emotion in families with chronic disease seems to be more related to direct personal reactions and responsibilities in care, especially in the first episode psychosis.…”

“…Although the phenomenology is interesting, the pathophysiology and etiology of schizophrenia are still unclear, and people with this disease experience severe suffering [2]. Schizophrenic patients who are hospitalized, who return to a family environment characterized by high levels of criticism, excessive emotional involvement (EOI), or hostility (referred to as high expressed emotion) are more likely to experience the recurrence than schizophrenic patients returning to families characterized by low expressed emotion [3], [4], [5], [6]. In the past decade, studies of expressed emotion have been carried out in various patient samples, and the expressed status of emotion, in general, has been shown to be a good predictor of recurrence of psychiatric disorders [5].…”

Intonasi Perasaan Senang Tuturan Bahasa Melayu Langkat dengan Menggunakan Metode Average

“…Semua bahasa di dunia ini, tentu mempunyai unsur emosi yang berkaitan dengan ucapan atau tuturan penuturnya (Handayani & Nurwidawati, 2013). Tindak tutur menjadi dasar analisis aspek pragmatik yang lain seperti praanggapan, perikutan, implikatur percakapan, prinsip kerja sama, dan prinsip kesantunan (Handono, 2017).…”

Stress within Families of Patients with Psychotic Disorders: Initial Study

“…Two factors influence stress, namely, biological factors (e.g., heredity, physical condition) and sociocultural factors (e.g., personality development, experience, and other conditions) (Wood et al, 2016;Strohmeier et al, 2018). Handayani and Nurwidawati (2013) showed that the family's emotions toward the situation and lack of understanding in how to care for family members with mental disorders cause recurrence. Sitinjak (2016) found that 70% of families dealing with a mentally ill patient experience moderate anxiety when the patient relapses.…”